Advances and Challenges in the Fabrication of Porous Metal Phosphate and Phosphonate for Emerging Applications

Abstract

Recently, nanomaterials made of phosphates and phosphonates have opened up a rare occasion to create hierarchically porous nanomaterials with interconnected macropores, mesopores, and micropores. They provide appealing qualities for new applications that call for control over the interface, which is essential for functional technology, catalysis, and adsorption. For material scientists and engineers, the necessity to develop a justification for new preparation techniques that will allow for the regulated production of these materials is a crucial driving force. In this article, we will provide a quick summary of recent advancements in many development tactics, emphasizing many metal phosphonate technology and how they affect the characteristics of porous metal phosphates/phosphonates. Manufacturing of innovative metal phosphate/phosphonate-based materials with nanostructures for adsorption, catalysis, optoelectronics, fuel cells, and electrochemical cells will also be covered. The final section will give challenges and prospects for future development in the areas of mesoporous metal phosphates, increasing crystallinity, and low-cost and scalable mesoporous metal phosphide synthesis.