Advancements in lithium zinc phosphate (LZP) nanoparticles: Enhanced electrochemical performance for high-efficiency supercapacitors

Abstract

The synthesized LiZnPO4 nanoparticles were characterized at different temperatures like (400oC, 500 °C, 600 °C, and 700 °C) using various techniques including XRD, FTIR, FESEM, XPS, and electrochemical analyses. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of LiZnPO4 nanoparticles sintered at temperatures from 400 to 700 °C revealed well-crystallized structures at 700 °C, with preferred orientations along (202) and (020) planes. The Scherrer formula was employed to determine crystallite sizes, showing an increase from 55 nm at 400 °C to 85 nm at 700 °C. The annealing temperature influences the formation of microspherical aggregates, determining their surface area and thereby affecting energy storage performance. Samples annealed at 700 °C exhibited a specific capacitance of approximately 268 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g and scan rate of 5 mV/s. Our studies indicate that LiZnPO4-based nanostructures have substantial potential for the development of hybrid supercapacitors.