Advancements in Failure Mode and Effect Analysis: A Review

Abstract

Failure modes and effect analysis (FMEA) is a risk prioritization technique mainly used by manufacturing and process industries. In FMEA, the impact of a particular failure mode is calculated using three risk factors. These are severity (S), occurrence (O), and detection (D). This method is suitable for failure determination in processes, designs, products, software, supply chains, etc. This paper includes a systematic review of the advancements in conventional FMEA. Initially, the drawbacks of traditional FMEA are listed to show the scope for improvement. Then the concept of assigning weight to each factor using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is studied. The AHP-FMEA with other risk factors is provided in the next part. The second session of this paper contains an overview of seven types of FMEA integration. They are failure mode and effect anticipatory analysis (FMEAA), fuzzy FMEA, FMEA using fuzzy logic and grey relation theory (GRT), hybrid multilevel fault tree analysis (FTA)-FMEA method, FMEA based on Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST), geometric mean FMEA based on information quality, and ambiguity measure weighted risk priority number (AMWRPN) model.