Advancement in Nanobiotechnology for Human Health Care: Focus on Ocular Diseases and Future Prospects

Abstract

Abstract: Nanotechnology involves the study of different materials on the nanometer scale, typical-ly less than 100 nm in size. Nanomedicine is the creation of nanotechnology, a new science and technology area. Similarly, various nanomaterials, such as nanostructure, nanotubes, and nanoparticles, were also found to have significant applications in the human biological system at the molecu-lar level to achieve healthcare advantage. Nanotechnology is rapidly expanding in the field of medicine with a special emphasis on ophthalmology. Nanotechnology advancements need to be translated into a new and exciting platform for diagnosis, treatment, and therapeutics for ocular disease. The application of nanotechnology in ocular disease and cancer, such as nanoparticle-based drug delivery system, drug development, gene therapy, and tissue engineering, helps overcome many oc-ular problems. In particular, one of the most important applications of the emerging nanoscience system is used in ocular cancer diagnosis and therapy with the help of carbon nanotubes, nanocrys-tals, nanowires, etc. Several approaches have been developed for treatment and therapy for ocular disease. Moreover, these tremendous approaches have been safely used and effective for a broad range of applications. In this study, the focus is to discuss recent findings and various constraints and summarize the applications of nanotechnology-mediated systems for treating various ocular diseases.