Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm affecting women in the western world with an average frequency of 1 in 11, developing the malignancy and it is second most common cancer in India. Variations in serum levels of biochemical parameters especially alkaline phosphatase (ALP) changes may be of great help in diagnosis of breast carcinoma. Serum ALP activity was assayed in 388 histopathologically proven breast cancer patients using spectrophotometric methods and monitored association with cancer stages. Breast cancer is a female-biased disease and our study was conducted in a group of female patients with mean age of 48.67 ± 8.32 years. A significant increase in levels of ALP (809.65 ± 145.97 IU/L) was observed in stage IV of the disease. The logistic regression study gave a significant result (P < 0.001) when we compared the group of ALP level (>500 IU/L) with metastatic presentation. The present study besides being cost effective suggested the usefulness of ALP in differentiating breast cancer stages and metastasis.
Highlights
Alkaline phosphatases [alkaline phosphatase (ALP); orthophosphoric monoester phosphohydrolase EC 3.1.3.1] are a group of phosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane proteins with wide substrate specificity (Fishman 1987; Harris 1990)
Variations in serum levels of biochemical parameters especially alkaline phosphatase (ALP) changes may be of great help in diagnosis of breast carcinoma
An increase in serum ALP levels is frequently associated with a variety of diseases such as extrahepatic bile obstruction, intrahepatic cholestasis, infiltrative liver disease, hepatitis, cancer, etc
Summary
Alkaline phosphatases [ALPs; orthophosphoric monoester phosphohydrolase (alkaline optimum) EC 3.1.3.1] are a group of phosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane proteins with wide substrate specificity (Fishman 1987; Harris 1990). An increase in serum ALP levels is frequently associated with a variety of diseases such as extrahepatic bile obstruction, intrahepatic cholestasis, infiltrative liver disease, hepatitis, cancer, etc. The elevation of ALP less than three times the normal level is generally considered to be. Elevated serum ALP, hyperalkalinephosphatasemia is predominantly seen with more specific disorders, including malignant biliary obstruction, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, hepatic lymphoma, breast cancer and sarcoidosis (Neuschhwander-Terti 1995). In order to determine the diseases associated with markedly elevated serum ALP levels among breast cancer hospitalized patients, a review was made of medical records of individuals in whom an ALP level was two- to threefold greater than normal ALP level in Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Sundarlal Hospital, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (UP), INDIA. Association of ALP level was compared among the different stages of breast cancer. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate ALP level associated with the metastasis
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