Abstract
Development and application of solar energy is the most promising strategy to solve the problem of energy crisis. Molecular solar thermal storage which is a novel technology of solar energy conversion shows the great potential for large-scale application in the field of solar storage. This conversion based on isomerization realizes the transformation from the stable state with lower energy to the higher-energy metastable state under the light irradiation, storing solar energy in the chemical bonds due to the energy level gap and releasing energy as heat under the appropriate conditions. This paper reviews the thermal storage mechanism and key performance indexes of the molecular solar thermal storage materials as well as the common molecules and the particular materials with novel nano-structures, providing certain theoretical basis for studying and developing new solar thermal storage materials with high densities of thermal storage and long-term half-lives.
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