Abstract
In these studies, three important
 works examined to get ultra-low emission for a single cylinder diesel engine.
 The first study was performed for single fuel and compression ratio (CR),
 intake and exhaust valve timings, mass flow rate were optimized for a range of
 engine speed. Then for the same engine injection parameters such as start of
 injection (SOI), injector cone angle, and split injection structures were
 examined to get optimum parameters for the diesel engine. In CR studies,
 different combustion chambers were tested according to injector cone angles and
 fuel-wall interaction. In the second study, in addition to the above studies,
 dual fuel compressed biogas (CBG) and diesel combustion were analyzed under
 different engine loads both experimentally and computationally. Optimized
 single fuel diesel cases were compared with CBG + Diesel dual fuel cases which
 employed port injection for CBG fuel. In dual fuel engine applications, CBG
 fuel and air mixture is induced from intake port and this air-fuel mixture is
 ignited by pilot diesel fuel near top dead center (TDC). In dual fuel engine
 mode, exhaust emissions reduced considerably especially in NOx and particulate
 matter (PM) because of methane (CH4) rate and optimized engine parameters. The
 third study is focused on aftertreatment systems to minimize residual exhaust
 emissions. The emissions of the diesel engines consist of various harmful
 exhaust gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM),
 hydrocarbon (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Several technologies have been
 developed to reduce diesel emissions especially NOx reduction systems in last
 decades. The most promising NOx emission reduction technologies are exhaust gas
 recirculation (EGR) system to reduce peak cylinder temperature that reduces NOx
 form caused by combustion and active selective catalyst reduction (SCR) system
 using reducing agent such as urea-water-solution for exhaust aftertreatment
 system. In this study, computational fluid dynamic (CFD) methodology was
 developed with conjugate heat transfer, spray, deposit and chemical reaction
 modeling then emission prediction tool was developed based on the CFD results
 with deposit prediction mechanism. CFD and deposit results were correlated with
 image processing tool in flow test bench.
Highlights
IntroductionAutomotive industry has focused on different techniques to ensure tightened emission rules
Automotive industry has focused on different techniques to ensure tightened emission rules.These techniques can be aligned under two main categories: in-cylinder and after-treatment studies
Exhaust after-treatment emission modelling methodology are developed for nitrogen oxides (NOx) reduction system with experimental and numerical methods
Summary
Automotive industry has focused on different techniques to ensure tightened emission rules. These techniques can be aligned under two main categories: in-cylinder and after-treatment studies. In-cylinder applications contain optimizing engine parameters to decrease harmful exhaust emissions. After-treatment applications come into play supplementary role after exhaust port for irreducible emissions. In these investigations, three different works employed to get ultra-low emissions and high performance for a CI engine numerically and experimentally. Exhaust after-treatment emission modelling methodology are developed for NOx reduction system with experimental and numerical methods. The intake and compression stroke analyses before the combustion has performed to verify the numerical results with more plausible turbulence model. Emission treatment is analyzed in detail for a similar CI engine
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