Advanced non-destructive techniques for the diagnosis of historic buildings: The Loka-Hteik-Pan temple in Bagan

Erik Costamagna,Yin Min Paik,Su Su,Paulo B Lourenço,Nuno Mendes,Mario Santana Quintero,Nicoletta Bianchini,Aungzaw Min

doi:10.1016/j.culher.2019.09.006

Erik Costamagna, Yin Min Paik + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2019.09.006

Copy DOI

Abstract

The archaeological site of Old Bagan, located in the centre of Myanmar, is one of the most remarkable and ancient Asian site with over three thousand monuments, scattered in an area of about 80 km2. The site was hit in 2016 by the last of a series of earthquakes. The Loka-Hteik-Pan is a hollow-core temple featured by a small elegant curvilinear tower. It was significantly damaged by the event, losing the upper part of the tower, as many other temples of the area. Emergencies like seismic events generally require quick responses and targeted solutions. When a built area is involved, damaged buildings need structural assessments with a special focus on space and time occupancy, without compromising the reliability of the results. A workflow for data acquisition and analysis is proposed, using non-destructive techniques to evaluate the materials performances and measure spatial changes over times. Deformation analysis is performed on LiDAR data, acquired prior and after the earthquake, with the goal of measuring small changes occurred in the wall surfaces. The preliminary results of the tests are presented with the purpose to provide a knowledge base, useful to guide the interventions for preserving the monument and its heritage.

Highlights

Natural hazards do pose a threat to infrastructure and human lives (Bell and Glade, 2004) and to the heritage left by our ancestors (Nicu, 2017a)
Slope Units (SUs) subdivide the geographic space into a coarser and irregular spatial partition that is closely linked to the geomorphological process under consideration; but, they force the user to make some assumptions on how to summarize the covariate distribution from the grid-cell to the SU level itself (e.g., Castro Camilo et al, 2017)
The performance of the 10-fold cross-validation scheme is summar ized in Fig. 4, where we report the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves and their Area Under the Curve (AUC)

Summary

Introduction

Natural hazards do pose a threat to infrastructure and human lives (Bell and Glade, 2004) and to the heritage left by our ancestors (Nicu, 2017a). Landslides (Jiao et al, 2019) and gully ero sion (Nicu, 2019) can damage or even destroy cultural heritage sites. One of the first scientific contributions on this topic, Margottini (2004), points out at the danger that our heritage sites can face because of landsliding, providing a clear and appalling example in the Bamiyan Valley, Afgha nistan. Another significant contribution investigates gully erosion effects on cultural heritage sites in Arizona, US (Pederson et al, 2006).

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion