Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) has drawn tremendous attention in various fields. In recent years, great efforts have been made to develop novel additive manufacturing processes such as micro-/nano-scale 3D printing, bioprinting, and 4D printing for the fabrication of complex 3D structures with high resolution, living components, and multimaterials. The development of advanced functional materials is important for the implementation of these novel additive manufacturing processes. Here, a state-of-the-art review on advanced material strategies for novel additive manufacturing processes is provided, mainly including conductive materials, biomaterials, and smart materials. The advantages, limitations, and future perspectives of these materials for additive manufacturing are discussed. It is believed that the innovations of material strategies in parallel with the evolution of additive manufacturing processes will provide numerous possibilities for the fabrication of complex smart constructs with multiple functions, which will significantly widen the application fields of next-generation additive manufacturing.
Highlights
Additive manufacturing (AM) has drawn tremendous attention from both academia and industry with its potential applications in various fields, such as electronics [1], sensors [2], microfluidics [3], and tissue engineering [4]
Biomaterials are widely used to mimic the extracellular matrix for cell and tissue cultures in the fields of tissue engineering, biomedicine, organ-on-a-chip, and drug-release devices [44,45,46]
Recent advances in the development of various functional materials for novel AM processes have improved the accuracy of manufacturing and enhanced the functional complexities of the printed structures
Summary
Additive manufacturing (AM) has drawn tremendous attention from both academia and industry with its potential applications in various fields, such as electronics [1], sensors [2], microfluidics [3], and tissue engineering [4]. Additive-manufactured micro-/nano-scale structures derived from metal-based materials exhibit excellent electrical conductivity. They are ideal materials for the fabrication of electrodes, connectors, and conductors. The most frequently used materials for additive manufacturing of micro-/nano-scale conductive structures are the composite inks containing metal nanoparticles. Unlike conventional methods conductivity through post-sintering, nanoscale joule heating at the interface between the charged Ag to achieve high conductivity through post-sintering, nanoscale joule heating at the interface between nanoparticles was used during the EHD printing process (Figure 2f). Walker et al [32] demonstrated in situ reactive silver inks that could fabricate highly conductive silveretfeatures (>10 S/cm) based a material extrusion process.
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