Advanced glycation end products accumulate in the diabetic gallbladder

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes is a common condition which is associated with multiple comorbidities including gallstones. We recently demonstrated that diabetic mouse strains including, leptin-deficient (Lep ob), leptin-resistent (Lep db) and non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, have impaired biliary motility and that administration of leptin to Lep ob mice and ciliary neurotrophic factor to Lep db mice ameliorates this response. We have also demonstrated that gallbladder myocytes from Lep ob diabetic, obese mice are foreshortened and respond poorly to cholecystokinin.