Abstract
Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) has continued to advance into new applications and disciplines every year. The development of new techniques and instrumentation for SPM's have enabled researchers to study sample surfaces in a variety of ambient conditions and using a number of contrast mechanisms. A review of new SPM techniques and instrumentation will be presented.Phase imaging is a new technique that provides nanometer-scale information about variations in surface properties, such as adhesion, friction, viscoelasticity, composition and perhaps others, not revealed by any other single SPM technique. An example using phase imaging to differentiate component phases of composite materials is shown in Fig. 1 of wood pulp fiber. The left image is a normal topographic image acquired using the TappingMode™ technique. The right image is the simultaneous phase image. The phase image highlights cellulose microfibrils and a lignin component atop the cellulose component not seen in the topographic image. The details of phase imaging will be discussed.
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