Advanced Application and Fouling Control in Hollow Fibre Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (HF-DCMD)

Comparative performance assessment of flat sheet and hollow fiber DCMD processes using CFD modeling

Principles and applications of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD): A comprehensive review

Numerical simulation of heat and mass transfer in direct membrane distillation in a hollow fiber module with laminar flow

Comparison of hollow fiber membranes in direct contact and air gap membrane distillation (MD)

Effect of applied pressure on performance of PTFE membrane in DCMD

Spatial variations of DCMD performance for desalination through countercurrent hollow fiber modules

Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) offers an attractive operation for the separation of mixtures at atmospheric pressure with reasonable energy requirement. A new simultaneous heat and mass transfer model in DCMD in a hollow fiber configuration is presented. Flow regime in feed and permeate side, the variations of mean temperature and concentration along the membrane module, the length of the membrane, and various properties of membrane characteristics are taken into account in the present model. A system of nonlinear equations describing the DCMD process is solved numerically for each cell using the FSOLVE coding, which is a built‐in function in MATLAB® to find the influence of the temperature and velocity of the feed and permeate streams, and the salt concentration of the feed along the module on the permeate flux. The predicted results by the new model show a good accord with a wide range of various experimental results available in the literature. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 589–603, 2013

Influence of solution and operating conditions on the treatment of aquaculture wastewater using direct contact membrane distillation: Ammonia rejection and membrane fouling

Modelling the simultaneous heat and mass transfer of direct contact membrane distillation in hollow fibre modules

Investigations on the effect of spacer in direct contact and air gap membrane distillation using computational fluid dynamics

An integrated membrane distillation (MD) flowsheet, consisting of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) units, was proposed and analysed in terms of thermal performance and water recovery factor, for the first time. The same lab-scale membrane module (40 cm2) was used for carrying out experiments of DCMD and VMD at fixed feed operating conditions (deionised water at 230 L/h and ~40 °C) while working at the permeate side with deionised water at 18 °C and with a vacuum of 20 mbar for the DCMD and the VMD configuration, respectively. Based on experimental data obtained on the single modules, calculations of the permeate production, the specific thermal energy consumption (STEC) and the gained output ratio (GOR) were carried out for both single and integrated units. Moreover, the calculations were also made for a flow sheet consisting of two DCMD units in series, representing the “traditional” way in which more units of the same MD configuration are combined to enhance the water recovery factor. A significant improvement of the thermal performance (lower STEC and higher GOR) was obtained with the integrated DCMD–VMD flowsheet with respect to the DCMD units operating in series. The integration of DCMD with VMD also led to a higher permeate production and productivity/size (PS) ratio, a metric defined to compare plants in terms of the process intensification strategy.

Omniphobic surface modification of silica sand ceramic hollow fiber membrane for desalination via direct contact membrane distillation

Membrane fouling and wetting in a DCMD process for RO brine concentration

Performance and membrane fouling mitigation for bio-treated coking wastewater treatment via membrane distillation: Effect of pre-treatment

Transport Processes and Unit Operations : 3rd Edition. By C.J. Geankoplis. Prentice-Hall, 1993, 921 pp., ISBN 0 13 930439 8, $U.S.64.00