Advance in pro-resolution lipid mediators and mechanisms of inflammation resolution

Abstract

Background Once thought to be a passive process, the resolution of inflammation is now shown to involve active biochemical programmes controlled by endogenous anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution mediators, such as lipoxins and resolvias.Purpose The anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution mediators and cellular mechanisms of inflammation resolution have become increasingly well characterized. So, it is important to know about the present status and probable future trends of inflammation resolution. Content This review presents an update and overview of new cellular and molecular mechanisms for the resolution of inflammation, revealing key roles for lipoxins, cyclopentenone prostaglandins and recently discovered families of endogenous mediators, termed resolvins and protectins. These mediators have anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution properties, thereby suppressing pro-inflammatory gene expression and cell trafficking, inducing inflammatory-cell apoptosis and phagocytosis. Trend Developing drugs based on endogenous mediators and mechanisms that are inherent to resolution might represent a new strategy in antiinflammatory therapy. It is thought that this strategy will open up new avenues for the future management of inflammation-based diseases. Key words: Lipid mediator; Inflammation resolution; Lipoxin