Abstract
Algal biofuel is considered as an alternative to fossil fuels. Due to the structure simplicity and genetic tractability of many microalgae, they are also gradually recognized as an ideal factory for the production of various metabolites of high commercial values. In this mini-review, we attempt to summarize recent development on metabolic engineering of microalgae to explore their metabolic versatility for the production of hydrogen, carbohydrates, terpenes, fatty acids, alcohols, aliphatic alkanes and alkenes. In addition, we also present key challenges facing algal engineering, and propose a few strategies that could leverage the advancement in systems biology and genomics. We foresee a bright future for microalgae studies to advance both research and technology development.
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