Adult Precursor T-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma with Myeloid-Associated Antigen Expression Is Associated with a Lower Complete Remission Rate following Induction Chemotherapy

Abstract

Prognostic studies of T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (T-ALL) have been performed in small patient cohorts with conflicting results. We systematically reviewed 67 adult T-ALL patients diagnosed and treated at our institute to identify clinical and pathologic prognostic factors. The median initial WBC was 21.3 × 10⁹/l. Blasts expressed at least one myeloid-associated antigen in 33%. Karyotypes were abnormal in 32% of the cases. Fifty-six of 64 patients (88%) achieved complete remission (CR). In univariate analysis, age, gender, initial WBC, CD10, CD34 and abnormal karyotype did not predict CR. Patients expressing at least one myeloid-associated antigen had a CR of 74% compared to 94% (p = 0.04) for those not expressing myeloid antigens. None of the above factors affected relapse-free or overall survival in this cohort. Our study indicates that expression of myeloid-associated antigens is associated with a lower CR rate in adult T-ALL and may be considered in risk stratification for induction chemotherapy.