Abstract
Objectives:This study was aimed to compare the body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) in their ability to predict type 2 diabetes risk in a large prospective cohort of men and women in Pakistan.Methods:This was a case-control study conducted at Diabetic and medical OPD of GTTH. Anthropometric measures including BMI and WHR were analyzed. Student’s t-test, Chi-squared test along with Cramer’s V value, was applied to evaluate association between variables. Receiver operating curve (ROC) was used to assess anthropometric measures.Results:The study included 804 diabetics and 396 non-diabetics between 30–60 years of age. Comparing the BMI parameters it was found that 717 (89.2%) in diabetic group were overweight or obese (p-value < 0.001). On comparing the WHR, 97.9% diabetics had increased WHR (p-value <0.001). Both BMI & WHR were further compared using ROC curve which found out that WHR had an area under ROC of 0.720 & BMI has 0.680, suggesting that WHR is more better predictor of diabetes as compared to BMI.Conclusions:Both BMI and WHR were strong discriminators of T2DM but WHR was found superior according to ROC value. Family history is significantly associated in patients with diabetes.
Highlights
Diabetes is a complex, chronic illness characterized by a chronic hyperglycemic condition resulting from defects in insulin secretion or insulin action or both
If we see the results for both genders collectively, 9.1% of non-diabetics were having normal waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) as compared to 2.1% of diabetics, whereas 90.9% non-diabetics had increased WHR and 97.9% diabetics had increased WHR (Table-II), overall there is a strong association of diabetic patients with an increased waist-hip ratio (P-value
To ascertain which indicator was better among WHR & body mass index (BMI), Receiver operating curve (ROC) curve was estimated
Summary
Chronic illness characterized by a chronic hyperglycemic condition resulting from defects in insulin secretion or insulin action or both. The menace is increasing day by day and according to the World Health Organization prediction, it will be doubled in 2030 as compared to the year 2000 throughout the world, from 177 million to 370 million. The incidence of diabetes is going to increase to 64% by 2025‚ meaning that 53.1 million people will be affected by the disease.[1] The prevalence of diabetes worldwide estimated among adults in 2010 was 285 million (6·4%) and is predicted to rise to around 439 million (7·7%) by 2030.2 Obesity, an important determinant of health increases the risk of metabolic syndrome, ischemic. Pak J Med Sci September - October 2019 Vol 35 No 5 www.pjms.org.pk 1284 heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).[3] The prevalence of overweight and obesity is at a rise in developing countries. Many researchers are of the opinion that anthropometric measurements of central fat distribution (like WHR) are better predictors of type 2 diabetes[4,5,6] as compared with measurements of general adiposity[7,8,9,10] but the matter is still controversial
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