Abstract
Adsorptive purification of crude glycerol (CG) from a used-oil/methanol utilizing biodiesel production plant was performed using sewage sludge-derived activated carbons (ACs) at a laboratory scale and ambient conditions. The effect of different chemical activating agents (H3PO4, K2CO3 and KOH) and carbonization temperatures (500–900°C) on the surface properties of the obtained sludge-derived ACs, as well as the adsorption efficiency of impurities from pre-treated crude glycerol (PTCG), was explored. The results showed that both the activating agent type and the carbonization temperature affected the textural properties and the surface chemistry of the sludge-derived AC. The oxygen-containing surface functional groups, particularly the carbonyl groups, as well as the textural properties played a more important role in the adsorptive purification of CG. Among the as-prepared sludge-derived AC, the activated carbon impregnated by KOH (KOH-AC) carbonized at 800°C (KOH-800AC) exhibited suitable surface properties to enhance the purity of the PTCG up to 93.0wt.% when using an AC dose of 67g/L, 2h adsorption time and a shaking rate of 250rpm. The adsorption of either ash or other contaminants via the sludge-derived AC followed the Langmuir isotherm.
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