Abstract
Abstract The adsorption behaviour of organophilic bentonites in contact with aqueous solutions of organic compounds was studied. Phenol, aniline, nitroethane, diethyl ketone, ethoxy acetic acid, maleic acid and hexadecyl pyridinium bromide were used as test substances. The investigated organoclays vary in the degree of their total CEC exchanged by organic counterions. Dimethyl-dioctadecyl ammonium and octadecyl-benzyl-dimethyl ammonium were the cations used. In percolation columns the adsorption efficiency under constant boundary conditions was quantitatively determined for every bentonite, organic compound, and varying concentrations of the test solutions. Phenol, aniline, and nitroethane were the best adsorbed compounds, followed by hexadecyl pyridinium bromide, diethyl ketone, and finally by both organic acids. It was revealed, that the applied method resulted in an equilibrium between adsorption of the organics at the clay and desorption by water. Thus, the adsorption performance of different organoclays for various organic compounds can be compared. For known pollutants, a best suited adsorbent can be determined. This is an interesting aspect for cleaning purposes of organically contaminated industrial waste waters or gases. For the use as a component in liner systems of waste deposits, organophilic bentonites with a broad adsorption ability are needed, as the composition and concentration of leakage water vary with time.
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