Abstract
AbstractThis paper proposes a new method of removing fluoride from drinking water. It presents the results of an experimental study on the effects of the temperature and mixture ratio on the adsorption characteristics of fluoride on clay-hydroxyapatite (C-HA) composites. The writers fabricated the C-HA materials from composites of hydroxyapatite (HA), redart clay, and fine wood chips (sawdust) in well-controlled proportions. Five different ratios of clay to HA at five different temperatures (500, 600, 700, 800, and 900°C) were sintered. The results of the adsorption tests demonstrated that the defluoridation capacity of the adsorbent that contains only HA decreases with increasing sintering temperature. The adsorption capacities of the C-HA adsorbents also increase with increasing HA volume fraction. The adsorption capacity of the porous C-HA mixtures and HA are well modeled by the Freundlich equation. The changes in the free energy reveal the spontaneous nature of the adsorption process. A particle and i...
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