Abstract
Abstract In recent research, the composite of Fe3O4 and metal-organic frameworks have shown great potential in removing potentially toxic metals from water. We conducted the adsorption studies of potentially toxic metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+ and Cd2+) using the composite of Fe3O4 and zeolitic imidazole framework-8 (Fe3O4@ZIF-8) for the first time. The solvothermal technique was used to synthesize the Fe3O4. The magnetic ZIF-8 offers high thermal stability, greater adsorption surface, good removability, and high chemical and thermal stability. Characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the synthesized samples. The SEM and XRD results revealed the high purity and structural integrity of ZIF-8 crystallites. To remove potentially toxic metals (Cu2+, Co2+ and Cd2+), the influence of adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH, and adsorbate concentration on the adsorption performance of Fe3O4@ZIF-8 was investigated. The Langmuir isotherm accurately represented the adsorption processes, with absorption magnitudes of Fe3O4@ZIF-8 determined to be 46.82 mg g−1, 71.29 mg g−1 and 54.49 mg g−1 for Cu2+, Co2+ and Cd2+, respectively. According to the adsorption mechanism analysis, the primary Cu2+, Co2+ and Cd2+ removal methods of Fe3O4@ZIF-8 were ion exchange and coordination bonds. The uptake capacity of Cu2+, Co2+ and Cd2+ solution by Fe3O4@ZIF-8 were not significantly affected by the presence of counter ions. The material exhibited superior regenerative properties for Cu2+, Co2+ and Cd2+ ions from water for up to three cycles. This study concluded that the Fe3O4@ZIF-8 could be a viable candidate for eliminating potentially toxic metals (Cu2+, Co2+ and Cd2+).
Highlights
With rapid industrialization and urbanization, partially treated/untreated water discharges have considerably polluted freshwater resources
The diffraction patterns of Fe3O4@ZIF8 demonstrated in Figure 3 illustrate that the phase composition of Fe3O4@Zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZIFs)-8 consists of Fe3O4 and ZIF-8
The synthesized Fe3O4@ZIF-8 composites show identical peaks with ZIF-8 and Fe3O4, indicating that their crystal structure has not changed despite the adjustments that have been created in their compositions
Summary
With rapid industrialization and urbanization, partially treated/untreated water discharges have considerably polluted freshwater resources. Municipal waste (Ishchenko 2019), fertilizers (Cheraghi et al 2013), fossil fuel (Kamran et al 2013), mining and smelting of metallic ferrous ores (Fashola et al 2016), pesticides (Defarge et al 2018), sewage sludge (Shamuyarira & Gumbo 2014), battery processing (Khan et al 2020), textile printing (Velusamy et al 2021), paper industries (Reza et al 2013) and leather industries (Abbas et al 2012) are the primary contributors to potentially They must be eliminated from water to protect public health
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