Abstract
This study investigated the preparation of super sand substance and used it as an effective adsorbent for the removal of two different dyes methylene blue (basic) and methyl orange (acidic). The initial concentration range of dyes that were used in the adsorption process was (50−200) ppm with a temperature range (20−35) °C, the surface characteristics of graphite, graphene oxide, and coated sand were investigated by AFM test. Three adsorption kinetics models were applied to the experimental data in this study, pseudo−first order, pseudo−second order, and interparticle diffusion model. The result was showed that the experimental data corresponded with pseudo−second order kinetic model with confidence level R2= 0.99.
Highlights
The textile industries generate huge quantities of liquid waste
The step followed by the equilibrium experiment was express the effect of temperature and initial concentration with constant contact time. This included take a range of concentration (50, 100, 150, 160, 180, 200) ppm (Andrijanto et al, 2018), from each type of dyes basic dye and acidic dye at different temperature degrees (20, 25, 30, 35)◦C with constant contact time (3 hr), each experiment was done by taking (1 gram) from the adsorbent material and it was putted in a Pyrex flask with (30 ml) from the dye stock solution the adsorption process was done at the desired temperature with continuous stirring for three hours, this procedure repeated with each concentration from the two dyes at each temperature
Graphene oxide and coated sand was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis
Summary
The textile industries generate huge quantities of liquid waste. Such clothing wastewater supplies organic and inorganic compounds (Ado et al, 2017), that leads to changes in the biological and chemical parameters of the receiving bodies of water. Thanks to its broad theoretical surface area, strong water solubility and surface-containing oxygen functionalities, graphene oxide was used as an important adsorbent for color removal. It was used for the efficient removal from polluted aqueous media of potentially toxic materials. The present study aims to prepare the super sand material and use it to remove dyes from wastewater This material is receiving attention recently as it provides high efficiency in addition to low cost compared to other adsorbents. Materials that used in the experimental aspect included, graphite powder (granularity 150 μm, porosity 13%,), concentrated Sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 98%), phosphoric acid (H3PO4 ,70%), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 30%), potassium permanganate ( KMnO4), hydrochloric Acid ( HCl, 35% wt ) and sand which collected from Al- Najaf sand quarry, in addition, dyes that used, two different types of dyes used Methylene blue (Aldrich , USA) and Methyl orange (Aldrich, USA)
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