Abstract
This study aims at investigating the adsorption mechanism of cadmium ions onto raw and NaOH-treated oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB). The NaOH-treated OPEFB possesses a higher pore radius (5.96756 nm), higher total pore volume (8.971 × 10−3 cm3/g), and higher thermal resistance. The kinetic investigation shows that the adsorption equilibrium of Cd (II) ions by both raw and treated OPEFB is reached after 90 min and fits well into a pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.9999), indicating that the adsorption process was dominated by chemisorption. Both isotherm study is best fitted by a Freundlich model (R2 = 0.98), indicating heterogeneous and multilayer adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity for raw and treated OPEFB was 35.82 mg/g and 37.68 mg/g. The results supported the sustainability of the palm oil industry by demonstrating that the NaOH-treated OPEFB is a great candidate for Cd (II) removal in wastewater treatment.
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