Abstract
Adsorption technology is one of the efficient and facile method used for wastewater treatment. In this research, coconut shell, an agricultural solid waste was converted into activated carbon via furnace induced and zinc chloride chemical activation techniques. The activated carbon was prepared at activation temperature of 600°C. Anionic dyes, Methyl Orange (MO) and Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) have been selected due to their harmful effect to the environmental and human. Various effect of parameter such as initial dye concentration, initial pH, adsorbent dosage and agitation speed in batch system were investigated to obtain the optimum condition for both dye adsorption on activated carbon. The optimum dye removal efficiency was around 99% when 5g/L of activated carbon was used. Pseudo-second-order model was the best fitted model with highest correlation compared to other kinetic models. The adsorption behaviour of MO was perfectly presented by the Freundlich model while RBBR was well described by Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity for MO was 59.17mg/g and RBBR was 35.09mg/g. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was utilised to analyse the chemical characteristics of activated carbon before and after adsorption.
Highlights
Dyes are chemical compounds that have stickiness ability to fabric and surface to impart colour
The results showed that the highest adsorption capacity for Methyl Orange (MO) and Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) was 47.52 mg/g and 33.58 mg/g respectively
The increase in initial dye concentration caused a decrease in removal efficiency and this may be due to the saturation of adsorption site on the adsorbent surface [8,9]
Summary
Dyes are chemical compounds that have stickiness ability to fabric and surface to impart colour. Synthetic dyes are commonly used in cosmetics, paper, rubber, leather, pharmaceutical, textiles, food industries and more. These industrial and factory are using the dyes to colour their final products and dispose wastewater containing organics with a strong colour. Those wastewaters disposed without proper treatment caused pollution problems. Dye effluents are usually store as industrial waste by those industries using dye after done colouring the products [1].
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