Abstract

We have utilized tunneling electrons and thiophene adsorption to draw deuterium (D) from within the single-crystal bulk beneath Pd{110} up to subsurface adsorption sites. We found local faceting induced by this process, and determined the energy threshold of drawing bulk D to subsurface sites to be 0.38 ± 0.02 eV. We show that these facets propagate along the ⟨110⟩ direction of the substrate, and that Pd{110} adopts the (1 × 1) surface reconstruction on the induced facets, yet maintains the paired row (1 × 2) structure on unaffected regions. After producing subsurface D, the facet plane tilts 3.2 ± 0.8° off the substrate plane.

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