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Abstract
We investigated the relationship between muscle inosine monophosphate (IMP) content and mRNA levels of ADSL, AMPD1, and ATIC in Dapulian (DPL), Landrace × Dapulian (LDPL), and Duroc × Landrace × Dapulian (DLDPL) hybridized pigs. Methods: The total RNA in longissimus dorsi was isolated from Dapulian (DPL), Landrace × Dapulian (LDPL) and Duroc × Landrace × Dapulian (DLDPL) hybridized pigs, weighed about 95.0 kg, n = 8/species. The internal genes with highest stability (YWHAZ and RPL4) were chosen from 11 common internal genes using Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and geNorm software. The mRNA levels of ADSL, AMPD1 and ATIC genes were corrected with YWHAZ and RPL4 genes. The muscular IMP content was determined by HPLC. The muscular IMP content in DPL was higher than that in LDPL and DLDPL, 25.00% (p 0.05) and 15.56% (p > 0.05), respectively. The muscular mRNA level of ADSL gene in DPL and LDPL was higher than that in DLDPL, 24.14% and 12.07%, respectively (p 0.05). The muscular mRNA level of ATIC gene in DPL and LDPL was higher than that in DLDPL, 66.67% and 33.33%, respectively (p 0.05). The muscular mRNA level of AMPD1 gene in DPL and LDPL was higher than that in DLDPL, 14.49% and 33.26%, respectively. Furthermore, the IMP content was positively correlated with the mRNA level of ADSL, AMPD1 and ATIC genes, respectively (p 0.05). The mRNA level of ADSL gene was highly related to that of AMPD1 and ATIC gene, respectively (p 0.01), while that of AMPD1 gene was not strongly correlated with that of ATIC gene (p > 0.05). The muscular mRNA level of AMPD1, ADSL and ATIC genes and the muscular IMP content in DPL were highest, followed by those in LDPL and DLDPL. The muscular IMP content was positively correlated with the muscular mRNA level of ADSL, AMPD1 and ATIC genes, respectively.
Highlights
Inosine monophosphate (IMP) is a key aroma component present in livestock and poultry muscle and an indicator of meat quality [1] [2]
We investigated the relationship between muscle inosine monophosphate (IMP) content and mRNA levels of adenosuccinate lyase (ADSL), AMP deaminase 1 (AMPD1), and aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase (ATIC) in Dapulian (DPL), Landrace × Dapulian (LDPL), and Duroc × Landrace × Dapulian (DLDPL) hybridized pigs
Studies on IMP metabolism have mainly focused on the polymorphisms and mRNA levels of AMPD1, ADSL, and ATIC and their association with IMP content in chickens [7]-[16]
Summary
Inosine monophosphate (IMP) is a key aroma component present in livestock and poultry muscle and an indicator of meat quality [1] [2]. AMP deaminase 1 (AMPD1), which is highly expressed in muscle, catalyzes the hydrolysis of AMP into IMP and ammonia post-slaughter [7] [8]. Studies on IMP metabolism have mainly focused on the polymorphisms and mRNA levels of AMPD1, ADSL, and ATIC and their association with IMP content in chickens [7]-[16]. The study findings revealed that the expression levels of these genes are higher in muscle than in other tissues [7] [17] and that IMP content is associated with these three genes [5] [7] [10] [11] [14] [15]. The polymorphisms of ADSL, AMPD1, and ATIC in different swine species and their associations with IMP metabolism have been reported [4] [16] [18] [19] [20]. Researchers have studied the factors that affect IMP content, including swine species and storage temperature post-slaughter [21] [22] [23]. No study has focused on the relationship between ADSL, AMPD1, and ATIC and IMP content. The correlation between mRNA levels of ADSL and IMP content has been reported [20], but not the correlation between mRNA levels of ATIC and AMPD1 and IMP content
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