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Abstract
The standard front-line therapy for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is combination of debulking surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy. Nevertheless, the majority of patients experience disease recurrence. Although extensive efforts to find new therapeutic options, cancer cells invariably develop drug resistance and disease progression. New therapeutic strategies are needed to improve prognosis of patients with advanced EOC.Recently, several preclinical and clinical studies investigated feasibility and activity of adoptive immunotherapy in EOC. Our aim is to highlight prospective of adoptive immunotherapy in EOC, focusing on HLA-restricted Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs), and MHC-independent immune effectors such as natural killer (NK), and cytokine-induced killer (CIK). Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) has shown activity in several pre-clinical models. Available preclinical and clinical data suggest that adoptive cell therapy may provide the best benefit in settings of low tumor burden, minimal residual disease, or maintenance therapy. Further studies are needed to better define the optimal clinical setting.
Highlights
IntroductionPrognosis of early-stage ovarian cancers is favorable with approximately 90 % of patients surviving 5 years after diagnosis [3]
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological cancer [1, 2]
Tumor infiltrating Lymphocytes (TIL) Adoptive transfer of autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) has been successfully tested for the treatment of metastatic melanoma with an objective response rates (ORR) ranging up to 50 % [23, 27, 28]
Summary
Prognosis of early-stage ovarian cancers is favorable with approximately 90 % of patients surviving 5 years after diagnosis [3]. Many patients with advanced tumors initially benefit from integrated surgery and platinum based chemotherapy [5, 6], recurrence develops in nearly 90 % of cases [7, 8]. Patients with a TTP greater than 6 months (platinum sensitive ovarian cancers) have a more favourable prognosis and are liable to receive another platinum-based treatment. Patients with a TTP shorter than 6 months (platinum resistant ovarian cancers) have a very poor prognosis and are Regardless the type of treatment, repeated therapies favor drug-resistance through the selection of chemoresistant clones, allowing tumor survival and progression and forcing patients to undergo several lines of chemotherapy with poor results and severe side effects
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