Adopting the sensemaking perspective for chronic disease self-management

Abstract

BackgroundSelf-monitoring is an integral component of many chronic diseases; however few theoretical frameworks address how individuals understand self-monitoring data and use it to guide self-management. PurposeTo articulate a theoretical framework of sensemaking in diabetes self-management that integrates existing scholarship with empirical data. MethodsThe proposed framework is grounded in theories of sensemaking adopted from organizational behavior, education, and human–computer interaction. To empirically validate the framework the researchers reviewed and analyzed reports on qualitative studies of diabetes self-management practices published in peer-reviewed journals from 2000 to 2015. ResultsThe proposed framework distinguishes between sensemaking and habitual modes of self-management and identifies three essential sensemaking activities: perception of new information related to health and wellness, development of inferences that inform selection of actions, and carrying out daily activities in response to new information. The analysis of qualitative findings from 50 published reports provided ample empirical evidence for the proposed framework; however, it also identified a number of barriers to engaging in sensemaking in diabetes self-management. ConclusionsThe proposed framework suggests new directions for research in diabetes self-management and for design of new informatics interventions for data-driven self-management.