Abstract
Stroke is a common disabling disease that severely affects the daily life of patients. Accumulating evidence indicates that rehabilitation therapy can improve movement function. However, no clear guidelines have specific and effective rehabilitation therapy schemes, and the development of new rehabilitation techniques has been relatively slow. This study used a text mining approach, the ABC model, to identify an existing rehabilitation candidate therapy method that is most likely to be repositioned for stroke. In the model, we built the internal links of stroke (A), assessment scales (B), and rehabilitation therapies (C) in PubMed and the links were related to upper limb function measurements for patients with stroke. In the first step, using E-utility, we retrieved both stroke-related assessment scales and rehabilitation therapy records and then compiled two datasets, which were called Stroke_Scales and Stroke_Therapies, respectively. In the next step, we crawled all rehabilitation therapies co-occurring with the Stroke_Therapies and then named them as All_Therapies. Therapies that were already included in Stroke_Therapies were deleted from All_Therapies; therefore, the remaining therapies were the potential rehabilitation therapies, which could be repositioned for stroke after subsequent filtration by a manual check. We identified the top-ranked repositioning rehabilitation therapy and subsequently examined its clinical validation. Hand-arm bimanual intensive training (HABIT) was ranked the first in our repositioning rehabilitation therapies and had the most interaction links with Stroke_Scales. HABIT significantly improved clinical scores on assessment scales [Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and action research arm test (ARAT)] in the clinical validation study for acute stroke patients with upper limb dysfunction. Therefore, based on the ABC model and clinical validation, HABIT is a promising repositioned rehabilitation therapy for stroke, and the ABC model is an effective text mining approach for rehabilitation therapy repositioning. The findings in this study would be helpful in clinical knowledge discovery.
Highlights
Stroke is a common disabling health-care problem, and it is the second-leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide
Small clinical studies have demonstrated that these rehabilitation methods can improve post-stroke dysfunction; no rehabilitation management is currently used as a part of the routine guideline practice, and the relative effectiveness of existing rehabilitation strategies has not been sufficiently evaluated in large clinical trials (Pollock et al, 2014)
It illustrates that there are three different term sets: (1) stroke related terms extracted from Stroke Literature Set; (2) therapy related terms extracted from Therapy Literature Set; and (3) intermediate terms that occur in both literature sets
Summary
Stroke is a common disabling health-care problem, and it is the second-leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. About 50% of acute stroke survivors suffer from dysfunction of the upper limbs in the chronic phase (Favre et al, 2014), severely affecting the daily life and the therapeutic effect of rehabilitation therapy and reducing the quality of life of patients after stroke. A number of studies have investigated methods of rehabilitation management, including task-oriented training (Carrico et al, 2016), impaired limb forced training (Kwakkel et al, 2015), movement sciencebased therapy, robotic-assisted movement, virtual reality (VR) training (Brunner et al, 2017), functional electrical stimulation (Kattenstroth et al, 2018), and skill acquisition training paired with impairment mitigation and motivational enhancement. Small clinical studies have demonstrated that these rehabilitation methods can improve post-stroke dysfunction; no rehabilitation management is currently used as a part of the routine guideline practice, and the relative effectiveness of existing rehabilitation strategies has not been sufficiently evaluated in large clinical trials (Pollock et al, 2014). The stagnant development of new competitive rehabilitation strategies impedes rehabilitation development
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