Abstract
Massive open online courses (MOOCs) are now widely recognised as a new option in distance education delivery involving generally students learning together online in some highly structured course hosted and provided freely by a single higher education institution. Various formats are used, although essentially they share those characteristics of not involving teacher interaction, content created by students un-moderated for quality, and are un-accredited by the provider - except for a completion certificate or badge. The MOOC concept has been adopted by a large number of institutions globally to achieve huge cost-savings (up to 90% on regular courses), wider course offerings, institutionally supervised certified quality assurance, full accreditation for certificate, diploma and degree purposes, and achieve technical and teacher professional development.
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