Adolescents’ Willingness and Intentions to Use Contraceptives in Rural Ghana

Sulemana Abubakari,Seth Owusu-Agyei,Kwaku Poku Asante,Charles Zandoh,Edward Apraku Anane,Robert Adda,Emmanuel Mahama,George Adjei,Gifty Fosuaa Nuamah,Yeetey A Enuameh,Seeba Amenga-Etego,Francis Dzabeng,Obed Ernest A Nettey

doi:10.4236/jss.2015.311029

Sulemana Abubakari, Seth Owusu-Agyei + Show 11 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2015.311029

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Abstract

Efforts made to improve the availability and access to family planning services to adolescents in Ghana have not yielded the desired results. Adolescents in the Kintampo Health and Demographic Surveillance System area are no exception. This study explored contraceptive use intentions, preferences and their determinants among adolescents in rural Ghana. This was to contribute evidence towards achieving universal access to reproductive health. A cross-sectional study design was used to collect Sexual and Reproductive Health data in the Kintampo districts in 2011. A total of 1805 female adolescents were randomly sampled from a resident female adolescent population of 16,795. This study used intention and/or willingness of adolescents to use contraceptives as the outcome variable and the explanatory variables were demographic and socioeconomic factors. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were done. The findings indicated 54.3% of adolescents’ were willing to use contraceptives. Injectable was the most preferred contraceptive method among adolescents (48.6%); this was followed by the pill (29.6%) with the least being foam or jelly (0.2%). The most commonly cited reason for not intending to use contraception was adolescents’ opposition to family planning (31.5%) followed by a fear of side effects (25.8%). Age and education influenced adolescents’ willingness to use contraceptives in the future. Formal education of the young generation coupled with knowledge of contraceptive methods could yield positive outcomes for contraceptive use and ultimately reproductive health of the adolescent population in the near future.

Highlights

Adolescent females aged 15 - 19 years account for over 14 million births each year, 91 percent of those from low and middle-income countries (LMICs) [1]
In the Kintampo districts covered by the Kintampo Health and Demographic Surveillance System (KHDSS), adolescents make up a fifth (20.2%) of the population [13]
A total of 1,421 female adolescents were included in this study after data cleaning

Summary

Introduction

Adolescent females aged 15 - 19 years account for over 14 million births each year, 91 percent of those from low and middle-income countries (LMICs) [1]. Less than one third of currently married adolescent females in LMICs who want to avoid a pregnancy use a modern method of contraception, and more than 60 percent who would like to avoid or delay pregnancy are not able to do so [4]. Sexual activity of adolescents outside of marriage is increasing, but less than half of those who want to avoid pregnancy are using a modern method of contraception [4]-[6]. Adolescence is the period between the ages of 10 and 19 years when young individuals transit into adulthood [7] [8]. In the Kintampo districts covered by the Kintampo Health and Demographic Surveillance System (KHDSS), adolescents make up a fifth (20.2%) of the population [13]

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