Abstract
Adolescence is characterized by premature experimentation with new experiences and sensations. These experiences sometimes include drugs, which even though legal and socially accepted, begin to have noticeable negative consequences to the adolescent’s development. In recent years, a decrease in use of tobacco by Spanish adolescents has been observed, but not in alcohol. One of the causes of initiation in drug use is impulsive personality or behavior. Thus the purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between impulsiveness and frequency of use of alcohol and tobacco in 822 students aged 13 to 18 years of age. The State Impulsivity Scale (SIS) and an ad hoc questionnaire on demographic characteristics and use of alcohol and tobacco were used for this. The results showed that students who stated they were users scored significantly higher on impulsivity. Thus detailed analysis of the profile of individuals with this risk factor could favor more adequate intervention program design.
Highlights
Adolescent impulsiveness and use of alcohol and tobacco
Adolescence is characterized by premature experimentation with new experiences and sensations
The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between impulsiveness and frequency of use of alcohol and tobacco in 822 students aged 13 to 18 years of age
Summary
La etapa de la adolescencia se caracteriza por una prematura experimentación de nuevas experiencias y sensaciones. Para la medida de la impulsividad se han creado distintos instrumentos, entre ellos se encuentran: la Escala de Búsqueda de Sensaciones de Zuckerman (Zuckerman, 1978), que mide el grado con el que una persona busca variadas, nuevas o complejas situaciones o experiencias; el cuestionario de impulsividad de Eysenck (Eysenck, Pearson, y Allsopp, 1985), dividido en tres subescalas de impulsividad, aventura y empatía; la escala de impulsividad de Plutchik (Plutchik y Van Praag, 1989) pone en relación las dimensiones de agresivad, la impulsividad y el suicidio, convirtiéndose en una escala más específica para el estudio de la impulsividad en pacientes con riesgo de suicidio; el Inventario de Impulsividad de Dickman (DII; Dickman, 1990) con la que se evalúa la impulsividad funcional y la impulsividad disfuncional; la escala de impulsividad de Barratt (BIS-11; Patton, Stanford, y Barratt, 1995) que mide seis factores, la atención, la impulsividad motora, el autocontrol, la complejidad cognitiva, la perseverancia y la inestabilidad cognitiva; o la Escala de Impulsividad Estado (EIE) usada en contextos clínicos al medir dicho constructo como un estado, dinámico y centrado en el corto plazo, a diferencia de la impulsividad entendida como rasgo de personalidad, estable en el tiempo (Iribarre, Jiménez-Giménez, García-de Cecilia, y Rubio, 2011). Distribución de la muestra según la frecuencia en el consumo de alcohol y tabaco
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