Abstract
Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is a worldwide standardized observational study which analyzes longitudinal changes in neuropsychological battery test, brain MRI, PET-PIB and FDG and AD biomarkers in CSF in patients who meet criteria for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer Disease (AD) compared with Normal Controls (NC). Our Center is the only center in Latin- American. Herein, we show preliminary data on neuropsychological testing between those with positive and negative AD biomarkers. We aim to assess the neuropsychological variations of a cohort of patients in different stages of Alzheimeŕs disease with AD biomarkers. We included a total of 50 participants who had met the criteria of MCI (n=24) and AD (12) and also 14 NC to compare with. Initially we performed a complete neuropsychological battery test which included: MMSE, MoCA, ADAS cog, RALVT, Trail A and B, Weschler Logical Memory paragraph 1, Clock design, Semantic Fluency, Boston Naming Test, CDR, GDS, NPI and FAQ. Participants underwent to brain MRI, PET-PIB, PET-FDG and AD biomarkers in CSF. After one year participants repeated the same neuropsychological testing. One-way ANOVA was performed on the variations found in the neuropsychological testing after one year of follow-up (baseline - 12 months) between each group and between AD biomarker status. We found only significant decline in ADAS-cog (p=0.01), Logical Memory delayed (p=0.01), Trail A (p=0.01), Boston (p=0.03) and CDR (p<0.01) between clinical groups after one-year follow-up. But importantly, post hoc analysis only showed differences in Boston and CDR between MCI and AD. When we compared variances between those who had at least one AD biomarker with those with negative AD biomarkers (regardless of the clinical diagnosis), positive group showed significant decline on the exact same test. In this preliminary analysis, we identified a group of neuropsychological tests which were able to show a significant decline in a small period of time. Moreover, the Boston Naming Test differences between MCI and AD could be explained due to an accelerated decay rate.
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