Administrative and legal status of public administration subjects regarding countering terrorism

The aim of the research was to make known the administrative and legal status of the subjects of public administration in the field of counter-terrorism. It was found that a rather clear and logical structure of state bodies in the field of organization and coordination of the fight against terrorism has been created in Ukraine. The system of anti-terrorist entities is a set of specific, legally defined institutions that interact with the aim of preventing, detecting, stopping and minimizing the consequences of terrorist activities. The following methods were used in the research: analysis of biographical sources, synthesis, deduction, comparative analysis and meta-analysis, etc. In the conclusions it has been established that the President of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada and the Cabinet of Ministers are the key actors in the fight against terrorism in the system of higher authorities. The defining areas of action of the President of Ukraine in the sphere of counter-terrorism, are the activities aimed at regulatory and legal support of counter-terrorism in Ukraine, which implies: creation, liquidation, reorganization and management of relevant counter-terrorism entities.

The purpose of the research is disclosing the administrative and legal status of public administration subjects regarding countering terrorism. Main content. It has been established that a fairly clear and logical structure of state bodies regarding organization and coordination of the fight against terrorism has been created in Ukraine. The system of counter-terrorism entities is a set of specific, legally defined entities that interact with the goal of preventing, detecting, stopping, and minimizing consequences of terrorist activities. Methodology: The following methods were used in the research: analysis of biographical sources, synthesis, deduction, comparative analysis, meta-analysis, etc. Conclusions. It has been established that the President of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine are the key actors in countering terrorism in Ukraine in the system of higher authorities. The defining areas of activity of the President of Ukraine in the sphere of countering terrorism are the activities aimed at the regulatory and legal support of countering terrorism in Ukraine creation, liquidation, reorganization and management of the relevant counter-terrorism subjects.

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the legal and organizational principles of public finance management. Methodology of research. To achieve this goal, the following tools of research methods were used: dialectical - to determine the initial conditions and content of public finance; analytical - when processing literary and Internet sources; causal - to determine the institutional support of public finances; abstract-logical - to generalize the presented material and draw conclusions. Findings. The issues of the essence, structure and peculiarities of the functioning of public finances in Ukraine are studied; the institutional units that ensure their formation and control over their use are specified. The peculiarities of the content of public finances of Ukraine are considered, the peculiarities of their components are determined in order to achieve not only economic, but also social goals by the state. Under the institutional support of public finances, we understand a purposeful hierarchical system of legal institutions that form, use, redistribute and control the funds of the public sector. Thus, based on this, among the components of institutional support are: state; executive, legislative and judicial powers; VRU, CMU, central executive bodies, higher judicial bodies, National Bank, Accounting Chamber; local councils, local executive bodies, budgetary institutions, subjects of state and communal property; advisory bodies under the President of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine; scientific, public and professional institutions (organizations) in the field of public finance. The relevance of the study of issues related to improving the efficiency of state bodies on the basis of recommendations of international organizations and the formation of appropriate regulatory and legal support is substantiated. For example, it was noted that an action plan for the respective years should be developed, which includes directions for each area of the Strategy for Reforming the Public Finance Management System (in our opinion, public) and specifies the state bodies responsible for a particular area of public finance. The bodies of state financial control are determined in accordance with the current legislation, in particular: external control carried out by the legislative bodies - the committees of the Verkhovna Rada and the Accounting Chamber; executive authorities and the central bank - the Cabinet of Ministers (through specialized state bodies) and the NBU; and internal (performed by heads of state bodies) and internal audit (performed by the main managers of budget funds). The requirements of the current legislation to ensure openness of their spending and opportunities for free access to this information in order to strengthen public control over the use of public funds are analyzed. The composition and main problems of institutional support of public finances are formulated and practical recommendations for its evaluation are provided, which will allow to increase the efficiency of public finance management. Originality. The scientific novelty lies in the separation of the content of the institutional support of public finances and recommendations for its evaluation according to the established criteria. Practical value. The main provisions of this study in the form of evaluation proposals can be used to monitor the impact of public reform policy on the development of public finances. Key words: public finance; management; institutional support; public authorities; public financial control.

У статті досліджуються теоретичні питання децентралізації державного управління в Україні. Розкриті категорії та суспільні відносини в сфері управління регіональним і місцевим розвитком в Україні. зокрема досліджено відмінності між державним і публічним управлінням в Україні.
 Мета статті. У роботі поставлено за мету з’ясувати трактування категорій децентралізація та публічне управління в якості окремих управлінських категорій, застосування яких пов’язане з використанням сучасних механізмів державного управління в країні. Дослідити новітні теоретичні дослідження та позиції формування ефективних суспільних відносин у сфері управління на регіональному і місцевому рівнях.
 Наукова новизна. У статті здійснено дослідження напрямів модернізації інституту представництва держави на регіональному та місцевому рівнях в Україні та теоретично доведено, що сучасною метою процесу децентралізації є реформування та посилення інституційної спроможності керівних органів, формування раціональної та збалансованої місцевої влади в управлінських сферах і необхідність існування децентралізованої управлінської моделі регіонального та місцевого розвитку в Україні.
 Висновки. У роботі обґрунтовані наукові положення щодо удосконалення використання в управлінській практиці механізмів децентралізації державного управління, які знаходиться ще на початковому етапі.
 Крім цього при дослідженні сучасних публікацій та з’ясуванні теоретичної сутності понять «регіональне управління», «територіальне управління» і «децентралізація» доведено, що суспільні відносини в конкретних відповідно зазначених інститутах, наприклад, місцеві державні адміністрації, не є стійкими, адже змінюються разом із їх розвитком, а також за умов формування сучасних реальних управлінських і фінансових повноважень.

Based on the three-dimensional ‘organizational goal – organizational field – organizational incen­tive’ analysis framework, this paper attempts to conduct a comparative and diachronic analysis of the behavioral logic of Chinese local governments’ early-warning information release in major epidemic outbreaks. The results of the research show that the organizational goal, field and incentive are highly rel­evant to different strategic choices of whether local governments should, will and are willing to perform their governance function; additionally, different combinations of these elements trigger different lo­cal government behaviors. The organizational goal, field and incentive are the starting point, turning point, and end point of local governments’ behavior­al logic, respectively, while the organizational field is prerequisite for the organizational incentive to work. The organizational goal – organizational field – organizational incentive sequence reflects the se­quence and interactive relationship of local govern­ments’ behavioral logic.

The relevance of the article is that the social security of employees of the National Police of Ukraine is not only a system of special, legally defined legal guarantees, but a set of mechanisms for their practical implementation. Medical care, as an important part of state support for the professional activity of police officers, is activated through various institutional levers, but, most importantly, the latter is the prerogative of the activities of specially authorized entities. The article, based on the analysis of the current legislation, presents the whole array of participants in legal relations arising in the field of medical care for employees of the National Police of Ukraine. The specifics of their functions, powers and tasks are analyzed. The subjects of medical care of policemen are classified with their division into three groups: central subjects; coordinating or intermediate subjects of medical care; target entities. The affiliation of health care facilities to the third classification group is substantiated. It was found that the subjects of medical care for police officers are a set of public authorities and their officials who are entrusted with special rights, responsibilities, tasks and functions in the field of organization, provision and implementation of medical care for police officers. It is determined that the central subjects of medical care for police officers - the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, the President of Ukraine - are the main active bodies, which are the highest representatives of state power in our country. In the field of medical care for police officers, these entities: first, are responsible for the formation of legislation in the field of the National Police, as well as social guarantees for its employees; secondly, form a health policy that sets standards for health care for the population, including the police; thirdly, determine the priority ways of development of the health care and medical care sector; fourth, monitor the implementation of national policies in the field of health and medical care.

In the scientific article, the authors conducted a scientific study of the administrative and legal status of military administrations as subjects of public administration. The scientific article indicates the approaches to understanding the administrative and legal status of military administrations that have developed in the administrative and legal doctrine. According to the first approach, the military administration is identified with the relevant local executive body, on the basis of which it is created, however, its administrative and legal status changes, in particular, changes occur in the procedure for appointing the head of such an administration, the formation of its composition, in subordination, and there is also a significant expansion of the powers of such a state authority through the granting of its powers to ensure the measures of the legal regime of martial law. The second approach to understanding the administrative and legal status of the military administration involves considering it as a separate system of local public administration bodies alongside such systems as the system of local executive bodies and the system of local self-government bodies; military administrations have both specific powers to introduce measures of the legal regime of martial law, and the powers of those local bodies of public administration to replace which it is created - regional and district military administrations, as a rule, perform the duties of local state administrations, and military administrations of settlements - also the duties of local self-government bodies of the relevant territorial communities. The author team determines that the features of the administrative and legal status of military administrations are: the creation and liquidation of such bodies by the President of Ukraine upon the proposal of the relevant regional state administrations; the involvement of not only employees, but also persons undergoing military and law enforcement public service in their composition; financing depending on what powers are exercised - in accordance with the funds of the state and local budgets; duality in subordination - regarding the performance of functions of a defensive nature, subordination is carried out to the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, on other issues - to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and the relevant higher-level military administration.

In preparing this article the author has set out to substantiate the thesis about the multifaceted phenomenon of the President of Ukraine as a phenomenon of state and legal reality, which necessarily requires enrichment of the content of the same concept. The analysis of scientists’ judgments revealing the content of the concept under study, gives grounds to conclude that the President of Ukraine is a complex socio-legal phenomenon, and therefore a comprehensive picture of this phenomenon can be obtained only as a result of its multifaceted consideration: - from the point of view of the theory of the mechanism of the state, the President of Ukraine is an important element of the state apparatus - a single, elected, supreme body of the state, which has general competence. This aspect is somewhat contradictory regarding that state bodies are usually established as legal entities that cannot be said about the head of the Ukrainian state; - in terms of a certain constitutional and legal status he/she is the head of the state and acts on its behalf. A significant clarification of this judgment is the thesis about the President of Ukraine as a legal form of the head of state, who is elected by the people and receives power for a fixed term by delegation. As for the recognition of his/her highest official, we consider the relevant judgment to some extent conditional and evaluative, because in the national legal doctrine and current legislation the issue of the hierarchical system of officials in Ukraine is not yet developed; - from the point of view of ontology (of his/her being, existence) the President of Ukraine is an individual who has reached at least 35 years of age. A significant shortcoming of the current legislation is a rather limited, in our opinion, set of requirements for a candidate for this elected position, and in the future, in case of winning the election, describe the current head of state. The legislator did not envisage as a condition for the emergence of constitutional and legal relations, within which a citizen of Ukraine can be elected President of Ukraine, or the fact of higher education (in epistemological terms, the President of Ukraine must be an active subject of knowledge, because it is cognitive capabilities provide him/her to gain higher education; it should be noted that the President is both an object of knowledge of the social sciences, most of which study the impact of this institution on various social processes and are designed to increase its effectiveness in a constantly changing environment. At the same time some them (history, history of the state and law) explore his/her personality, achievements, personal role in society, neither he/she has significant experience of professional activity, nor the recognition of a high level of his/her competence as a professional in general, nor he/she has high moral qualities; - in terms of the system of constitutional law the President of Ukraine is a constitutional and legal institution, the rules of which determine: 1) the place and role of the head of state in the state mechanism and its relationship with other state bodies; 2) the procedure for substituting this position; 3) functions and powers of the head of state; 4) his/her responsibility for treason or other crime; - in terms of doctrine and practice of public administration, the head of state is one of the most im-portant elements of the modern system of public administration. He/she converges large volumes of infor-mation flows from other elements of this system. Analysis of information, development of management decisions and control over their implementation - these are the main President’s functions in this system; - in terms of the attitude to this constitutional and legal institution and the personality of the head of state by society and government institutions, the President of Ukraine is an honorary title protected by law and retained for his/her life, unless the President of Ukraine was removed from office by impeachment.

The article analyzes the system of state bodies for combating smuggling. According to the most common classification of state bodies by the criterion of the breadth of competence, there are state bodies of general and special competence. If we adhere to this classification, the general bodies of counteraction to smuggling are state bodies of general competence, which are the Verkhovna Rada, the Cabinet of Ministers, the President of Ukraine. The bodies of special competence are the security forces, judicial and law enforcement agencies. It is determined that there is no single definition of the concept of law enforcement agencies in the legislation, it is provided in various regulations.Anti-smuggling law enforcement agencies are state bodies that implement the law enforcement and law enforcement function of the state, which have the authority to apply measures to detect, prevent, eliminate crimes and other offenses related to smuggling, have the right to bring to justice those responsible for such offenses, and may, if necessary, apply state coercion. The participation of these bodies in combating smuggling is realized through appropriate forms of cooperation.The form of interaction between security forces, judicial and law enforcement agencies in combating smuggling means the outwardly expressed organizational and procedural-legal coordinated activities of various parts of the system of public authorities in the field of combating smuggling, carried out within their competence. All forms of cooperation in the field of combating smuggling can be divided into two major groups: 1) procedural and legal forms, which are provided by criminal and administrative procedural law; 2) organizational and tactical forms that do not contradict the criminal and administrative procedural law, but may be provided by bylaws.Laws and bylaws are the basis for interaction between security forces, judicial and law enforcement agencies. By-laws include, first of all, joint orders, interaction plans, interdepartmental decisions, instructions. It is concluded that it is necessary to amend the legislation in this area.

Abstract. One of the current challenges on the Ukrainian agenda is how to improve managerial training system that could implement effective democratic reforms in various spheres of public life, and at the same time provide proper protection of the national interests of state. The research objective is to explore an assumption that active and not properly substantiated implementation of modern concepts and approaches in the field of public administration into the science and practice of state administration in Ukraine does not necessarily lead to positive consequences for democratic transformations of state administration, in particular managerial training in higher education system. In this study we distinguish the concept of «State Administration», which is now applicable for Ukraine, from «Public Administration», where the latter may be regarded as only partial equivalent if translating the former one. Based on the analysis of documents including laws, resolutions, orders, etc., as well as descriptive analysis of statistical data, the authors of this study trace the process of transformations of managerial training in higher education system of Ukraine and discuss possible future development scenarios of relevant subject area. An introduction of field of study and specialty «Public Administration» in Ukraine in 2015—2016 does not provide us an answer to question of what essentially constitutes «Public Administration», and what place in this area is occupied by theory and practice of the previously existing «State Administration». These findings let us suggest the most viable direction for development of managerial training in Ukraine is restoration, in accordance with procedure established by law, of field of study «State Administration». Lack of the statist component in training of specialists on specialty «Public Administration» will lead to misunderstanding by future managers of essence of institution in a sovereign state, as well as nature of «State Administration», its social impact, functions and role in regulating social development and economic processes, in particular ensuring safety of population. Keywords: managerial training, field of study, higher education system, state administration, public administration, educational specialty, Ukraine. JEL Classіfіcatіon H10, H11, H19 Formulas: 0; fig.: 1; tabl.: 2; bibl.: 37.

Paper presents data based on the regular national surveys on self-assessment of financial situation, delay or non-payment of wages and pensions, shadow incomes prevalence, indices of socio-economic assessments and expectations of the Ukrainian population, the level of trust in the President of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers, the general assessment of the political situation in Ukraine.

The national survey data is presented on the self-assessment of financial situation, delay or non-payment of wages, pensions, shadow incomes, subsistence wage, indices of socio-economic assessments and expectations of the Ukrainian population, the level of trust in the President of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers, as well as on the general political situation in Ukraine.

The article deepens the theoretical foundations of building an organizational and economic mechanism for the development of rural construction. The essence of the organizational and economic mechanism, structure, and the place of economic and organizational tools are determined. The essence of economic tools is analyzed, and the main features of the organizational and economic mechanisms used to develop rural housing construction are determined. For the development of the organizational and economic mechanism, groups of tools were defined that provide the organizational and economic components of the construction orientation. Such groups include organizational tools that are divided into administrative, legal, and legislative. Economic tools also have adverse effects, namely, tools of motivation, responsibility, and support tools. As for the organizational component, when implementing the organizational and economic mechanism at the state level, the organizational component is provided by the President of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada, the Cabinet of Ministers, ministries and agencies, the executive power, regional authorities, and local self-government bodies. It has been established that the housing conditions of the population of Ukraine are changing due to socio-economic problems and instability factors that currently exist in Ukraine. The main directions of economic and organizational measures, which must be implemented based on the active use of relevant tools available to state authorities and local self-government bodies, are specified in order to develop housing construction in the long term. It was determined that in the implementation of the state policy of construction in rural areas, it is essential to use the market instruments by the executive authorities of the state within the framework of separate powers and management functions, which are implemented in the system of providing housing to rural residents through conditions and incentives. The organizational and economic mechanism is an integral element of the functioning of all economic objects and components of the national economy. Keywords: organizational and economic mechanism, housing stock, economic tools, rural areas, housing construction, construction enterprises, construction industry, economic recovery.

The structure of Legislative and Executive branches in the system of political communication in Ukraine, despite the comprehensive information resource of its institutions, is still lacking in its resonance of political rhetoric effectiveness at the stage of social articulation of social problems. The subjects of this structure are the Verkhovna Rada, the Cabinet of Ministers and the President of Ukraine. The reference to the functional feature of the government is a fairly common explanation of the process when the content of the concept of “Executive power” implies pragmatic actions. After all, the nature of technological operations of professionals in the fields of public administration models certain conditions for the emergence of political discourse. In the developed democracies, including Ukraine, to achieve maximum openness and transparency in the activities of the Legislative and Executive branches, predictable and effective mechanisms are functioning: political, regulatory, organizational, institutional, information and educational. Thus the transparency of the government must be properly ensured by the operation of the public dialogue at all of the decision-making stages, there should be a regular access to full, fair, accurate, understandable information about the actions of public authorities and its officials. In any democratic state, the effectiveness of public administration depends on the level of transparency and the quality of communication to the public on the work of its organs.

Abstract. The peculiarities of the investment sources attracting in the energy saving infrastructure of Ukraine are illuminated. The energy saving infrastructure is proposed to be considered in terms of its elements, such as macro-, meso- and micro-level institutions together with the implemented measures. It is proposed to include world, international and European organizations (such as the Energy Community, World Bank, EBRD, NEFCO, etc.) into the macro-level institutions, which together with meso- and micro-level institutions implement programs and strategies to optimize the irrational use of energy resources. Meso-level institutions include state agencies, ministries, the Cabinet of Ministers, the Verkhovna Rada, the President of Ukraine, large financial institutions, and others. The micro-level institutions are presented by the village, settlement, city councils and their executive bodies; district and regional councils, which represent common interests of territorial communities of villages, settlements and cities; district councils in cities and their executive bodies. In order to improve the forms and methods of attracting sources of investment in energy saving infrastructure, it is necessary to conduct a thorough analysis of the existing measures and programs implemented in the country today. The study of implemented projects, strategies and programs allowed to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each event, as well as areas that need further elaboration. Conclusions are drawn that the investment potential of Ukraine’s energy saving is extremely high and includes measures of various nature, namely: from targeted allocation of funds for the renewal of fixed assets of institutions to educational activities, promotion of measures for the rational use of resources. Also, since the sources of investment are quite widely diversified geographically, it can be argued that the issue of domestic energy conservation is relevant in the global and international arena. Keywords: energy saving, investment, energy saving infrastructure, energy efficiency, Energy Community, World Bank, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. JEL Classification Q40, Q49, G24 Formulas: 0; fig.: 0; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 20.