Administration of the probiotic VSL#3 increases vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression in a model of colitis‐associated colon cancer

Abstract

Background Low levels of vitamin D have been associated with an elevated risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Expression of the VDR is decreased in patients with dysplasia and colitis-associated CRC. Aim To determine the effect of VSL#3 administration on VDR expression in an animal model of colitis-associated CRC. Methods Colitis-associated CRC was induced in male Sprague Dawley rats by the administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (30 mg in 50% ethanol ic, then 5 mg/kg iv for ten weeks). One group received probiotic in drinking water (VSL#3; ~5 billion cfu/100g body weight) from one week prior to initial colitis induction until time of sacrifice (n=22–23/group). Colons were analyzed for damage, presence of dysplasia or cancer, and VDR expression. Results Animals receiving the probiotic had significantly less damage (p<0.05) than the vehicle treated-controls in all areas of the colon. 30% of the vehicle treated animals developed carcinoma, in contrast to none of the probiotic treated animals. VDR expression was higher in VSL#3 treated animals in all regions of the colon (p<0.05) and correlated with severity of pathology (lowest in carcinoma). Conclusions Our results suggest that manipulation of the microflora can alter VDR expression which correlates with the pathology observed, offering its potential therapeutic use in patients with long-standing colitis. CA126379 & VSL Pharma Inc