Administration of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) leaf extract decreases TNF-α and IL-6 expressions in dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in rats.

Riska Ruslie,Darmadi Darmadi

doi:10.5455/javar.2020.g476

Abstract

Objective:We aimed to determine the neem leaf extract’s effect on Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) expressions in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis rats.Materials and Methods:In the first phase of the study, colitis was induced by DSS administration in the case group and compared to the control group. In the second phase, 84 colitis rats were divided into groups I, II, and III receiving 7.8 mg/day of mesalazine, 100 mg/200 gm body weight, and 200 mg/200 gm body weight neem leaf extract, respectively.Results:TNF-α and IL-6 expressions were significantly increased in the case group compared to the control group. TNF-α and IL-6 expressions were decreasing in all groups receiving treatment. Group III showed an earlier decrease compared to group II. TNF-α and IL-6 expressions in group III were comparable with group I since the second week. This condition was observed in the 4th week between group II and group I.Conclusion:It can be concluded that neem leaf extract decreased the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in DSS-induced colitis.

Highlights

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, incurable disease affecting the gastrointestinal tract
84 colitis rats were divided into groups I, II, and III receiving 7.8 mg/day of mesalazine, 100 mg/200 gm body weight, and 200 mg/200 gm body weight neem leaf extract, respectively
We found that neem leaf extract had anti-inflammatory properties in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis rats

Summary

Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, incurable disease affecting the gastrointestinal tract. IBD consists of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease [1,2,3]. The prevalence of IBD has changed globally in the last two decades. The chronic duration of medication and surgeries involved in the disease has made the disease-burden associated with IBD much higher [4]. The prevalence of IBD is increased substantially from 79.5 per 100,000 people in 1990 to 84.3 per 100,000 people in 2017. The North American region reported the highest prevalence of IBD cases, the USA, with 164.5 cases per 100,000 people. IBD often occurs in the second to fourth decade of life. Risk factors for IBD consist of smoking, lifestyle choices, discontinued breastfeeding, enteric infections, appendicectomy, and air pollution

Methods

Results

Conclusion