Administration of Gentamicin induced hematobiochemical andrenal morphological alterations in Swiss albino mice

Abstract

Gentamicin is widely used an effective antibiotic. The possible risk of toxicity in kidney reduce of its long term use in everyday practice. Hence, the current study aims to elucidate such hazardous effects. To achieve the study aim swiss albino mice were treated to Gentamicin to investigate the resultant behavioral effects, hematological, biochemical and morphological changes. For this experiment, swiss albino mice were collected from International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr’b). The effects of intramuscular administration of Gentamicin were studied on twenty, 5-6 weeks male swiss albino mice. All the mice were grouped into 4 groups such as- group A was kept as control without giving any treatment while groups B, C and D treated with Gentamicin intramuscularly daily at the dose rate of 5 mg /kg for 7 days,5 mg /kg for 30 days and 10 mg /kg for 30 days. At the end of the treatment the animals were carefully observed for behavioral study. Each animal was euthanized under chloroform before 2ml of blood was collected by cardiac puncture for estimation of various blood chemical parameters such as- TEC, TLC, Hb%, ALT and serum creatinine. Kidneys were collected and fixed for histological studies. All the mice showed specific clinical signs such as dullness, fearness, roughness of the body coat, anorexia and weakness. Both body weight (P<0.01) and kidney weight (P<0.05) were decreased significantly in Gentamicin treated group . In hematological study, TEC, TLC and Hb% values were decreased significantly (P<0.01) whereas in biochemical study, serum creatinine and ALT (Alanine amino transferase) values were increased significantly (P<0.01) in treated group compared with control group. Morphological study showed particular gross abnormal characteristics i.e., soft, flabby, brownish color with decreased size of left kidney in treated group in comparison to control group. Histological study revealed that the kidney showed desquamation of glomerulus, loss of glomerular architecture, distortion of renal tubules and hemorrhage in tubules of treated group. These data supports the view that Gentamicin has a toxic effect on morphology of kidney after long term treatment with higher dose.