Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are widely described in the context of their regenerative and immunomodulatory activity. MSCs are isolated from various tissues and organs. The most frequently described sources are bone marrow and adipose tissue. As stem cells, MSCs are able to differentiate into other cell lineages, but they are usually reported with respect to their paracrine potential. In this review, we focus on MSCs derived from adipose tissue (AT-MSCs) and their secretome in regeneration processes. Special attention is given to the contribution of AT-MSCs and their derivatives to angiogenic processes described mainly in the context of angiogenic dysfunction. Finally, we present clinical trials registered to date that concern the application of AT-MSCs and their secretome in various medical conditions.
Highlights
Among the various types of adult stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seem to be the most frequently described population in the context of tissue regeneration
We focus on the role of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells of adipose tissue origin (AT-MSCs) and their secretome in the regulation of damaged tissue regeneration with emphasis on the angiogenic processes that are necessary for the proper function of regenerated tissues
Cultured adipose tissuederived stromal/stem cells (ASCs), described as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which is the term approved by the International Society for Cell Therapy (ISCT) in 2006 [3,6], possess a high multilineage differentiation potential as well as immunomodulatory activity, a feature that is very important in regenerative medicine
Summary
Among the various types of adult stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seem to be the most frequently described population in the context of tissue regeneration. The term “mesenchymal stem cells” was proposed by Caplan 30 years ago to describe a type of adult stem cells capable of multipotential differentiation into the osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineage [1]. MSCs originating from the third germ layer are multipotent stromal cells present throughout the body that can differentiate into a variety of cell types. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells are widely described in terms of their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative properties. These therapeutic effects apply to the cells, and to their cellular derivatives, i.e., the extracellular vesicles (EVs): exosomes (Exo) and microvesicles (MVs).
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
