Abstract
A large volume of adipose tissue can be easily harvested through a well-established cosmetic surgical procedure, liposuction. Mesenchymal adherent stem/progenitor cells, similar to those from bone marrow, can be extracted from liposuction aspirates with a high efficiency and thus adipose tissue is now regarded as a potential source of adult stem/progenitor cells for regenerative medicine. Many features of adipose stem/progenitor cells, such as physiological functions and localization, have been clarified in the past decade. Adipose tissue turns over very slowly and its perivascular progenitor cells differentiate into new adipocytes, replacing dead adipocytes. The progenitor cells also play important roles in any types of adipose-tissue remodeling such as hyperplasia and atrophy of adipose tissue; as well as in incidental remodeling, such as post-injury repair. Therapeutic use of adipose stem/progenitor cells has been shown to promote angiogenesis and adipose-tissue regeneration.
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