Abstract
Mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSC) are under investigation in many clinical trials for their therapeutic potential in a variety of diseases, including autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. One of the main sources of MSCs is the adipose tissue, which is mainly obtained by manual liposuction using a cannula linked to a syringe. However, in the past years, a number of devices for fat liposuction intended for clinical use have been commercialized but few papers have compared these procedures in terms of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) or adipose mesenchymal stromal cells (ASC). The objective of the present study was to compare and qualify for clinical use the ASC obtained from fat isolated with the manual or the Bodyjet® water-jet-assisted procedure. Although the initial number of cells obtained after collagenase digestion was higher with the manual procedure, the percentage of dead cells, the number of colony forming unit-fibroblast and the phenotype of cells were identical in the SVF at isolation (day 0) and in the ASC populations at day 14. We also showed that the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potentials of ASCs were identical between preparations while a slight but significant higher in vitro immunosuppressive effect was observed with ASCs isolated from fat removed with a cannula. The difference in the immunomodulatory effect between ASC populations was, however, not observed in vivo using the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) model. Our data, therefore, indicate that the procedure for fat liposuction does not impact the characteristics or the therapeutic function of ASCs.
Highlights
Mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSC) are multipotent progenitor cells that are defined by their capacity to differentiate into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, and the expression of several markers, namely CD73, CD90, CD105 and lack of CD11b/CD14, CD19, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR
The percentage of Colony forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F) in the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) was identical in the two types of samples and estimated at 0.5 ± 0.2.5 and 0.6 ± 0.2% in the mononuclear cell fraction after Bodyjet and manual procedure, respectively (Figure 1D)
Adipose tissue recovered with these devices may be used for SVF preparation and adipose mesenchymal stromal cells (ASC) isolation
Summary
Mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSC) are multipotent progenitor cells that are defined by their capacity to differentiate into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, and the expression of several markers, namely CD73, CD90, CD105 and lack of CD11b/CD14, CD19, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR. They are characterized by their trophic activity through the secretion of various factors, such as growth factors, chemokines, or cytokines. Thanks to these particular properties, they have been shown to exert a variety of therapeutic effects. Because of the accessibility and the amount of fat tissue that can be recovered as well as the high yield of stem cells within the tissue, ASCs are evaluated in many clinical trials
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