Abstract
Acute lung injury is characterized by intense neutrophilic lung inflammation and increased alveolar-capillary barrier permeability leading to severe hypoxemia, and is associated with high mortality despite improvements in supportive care. There is an urgent need for effective therapies for acute lung injury. Zhang and colleagues tested the efficacy of adipose-derived stem cells in acute lung injury in mice. When adipose-derived stem cells were delivered to mice that had been challenged with lipopolysaccharide, they potently limited acute lung inflammation and injury in the mice, indicating that adipose-derived stem cells have therapeutic potential in acute lung injury in humans. Herein, we discuss the advantages and potential limitations of using adipose-derived stem cells as therapeutics for human acute lung injury.
Highlights
Acute lung injury is characterized by intense neutrophilic lung inflammation and increased alveolar-capillary barrier permeability leading to severe hypoxemia, and is associated with high mortality despite improvements in supportive care
In the field of acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) cell-based therapeutics, most attention has focused on bone marrow-derived stem cell (BMSC), which have therapeutic efficacy in rodent and human tissue models of ALI and sepsis [3,4]
A number of barriers that may limit the clinical usefulness of BMSCs in human ALI/ARDS have been identified [5,6] (Table 1)
Summary
Acute lung injury is characterized by intense neutrophilic lung inflammation and increased alveolar-capillary barrier permeability leading to severe hypoxemia, and is associated with high mortality despite improvements in supportive care. No effective pharmacologic therapies currently exist for acute lung injury (ALI) or its more severe form, the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In the field of ALI/ARDS cell-based therapeutics, most attention has focused on BMSCs, which have therapeutic efficacy in rodent and human tissue models of ALI and sepsis [3,4].
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