Abstract
BackgroundThe therapeutic effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) on brain infarction area (BIA) and neurological status in a rat model of acute ischemic stroke (IS) was investigated.MethodsAdult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 30) were divided into IS plus intra-venous 1 mL saline (at 0, 12 and 24 h after IS induction) (control group) and IS plus intra-venous ADMSCs (2.0 × 106) (treated interval as controls) (treatment group) after occlusion of distal left internal carotid artery. The rats were sacrificed and brain tissues were harvested on day 21 after the procedure.ResultsThe results showed that BIA was larger in control group than in treatment group (p < 0.001). The sensorimotor functional test (Corner test) identified a higher frequency of turning movement to left in control group than in treatment group (p < 0.05). mRNA expressions of Bax, caspase 3, interleukin (IL)-18, toll-like receptor-4 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were higher, whereas Bcl-2 and IL-8/Gro were lower in control group than in treatment group (all p < 0.05). Western blot demonstrated a lower CXCR4 and stromal-cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in control group than in treatment group (all p < 0.01). Immunohistofluorescent staining showed lower expressions of CXCR4, SDF-1, von Willebran factor and doublecortin, whereas the number of apoptotic nuclei on TUNEL assay was higher in control group than in treatment group (all p < 0.001). Immunohistochemical staining showed that cellular proliferation and number of small vessels were lower but glial fibrillary acid protein was higher in control group than in treatment group (all p < 0.01).ConclusionsADMSC therapy significantly limited BIA and improved sensorimotor dysfunction after acute IS.
Highlights
The therapeutic effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) on brain infarction area (BIA) and neurological status in a rat model of acute ischemic stroke (IS) was investigated
Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC) staining on day 21 after acute IS showed a markedly larger BIA in IS animals without treatment compared with those having received ADMSC therapy (Figure 2A-C)
Corner test demonstrated a steady state of neurological functional impairment on day 3 following acute IS in both group 2 and group 3 (Figure 2D)
Summary
The therapeutic effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) on brain infarction area (BIA) and neurological status in a rat model of acute ischemic stroke (IS) was investigated. Despite state-of-the-art therapy, clinical outcome after stroke remains poor, with many patients left permanently disabled [4]. Thrombolytic therapy, a more aggressive treatment strategy, has been reported to be effective for some acute ischemic stroke (IS) patients [5,6]. Of importance is that thrombolytic therapy has been found to have a relatively high incidence of serious hemorrhagic complications [9,10]. Finding a safe and effective therapeutic alternative for patients following acute IS, especially for those unsuitable for thrombolytic therapy, is mandatory for physicians
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