Adipose-derived human stem/stromal cells: comparative organ specific mitochondrial bioenergy profiles.

Alice S Ferng,John A Szivek,Ray Runyan,Naing Bajaj,Katherine M Marsh,Zain Khalpey,Alana M Connell,Stephen M Black,Renee F Conway,Jamie M Fleming,David Schipper,Kitsie Johnson,Tia Pilikian

doi:10.1186/s40064-016-3712-1

Abstract

BackgroundAdipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) isolated from the stromal vascular fraction are a source of mesenchymal stem cells that have been shown to be beneficial in many regenerative medicine applications. ASCs are an attractive source of stem cells in particular, due to their lack of immunogenicity. This study examines differences between mitochondrial bioenergetic profiles of ASCs isolated from adipose tissue of five peri-organ regions: pericardial, thymic, knee, shoulder, and abdomen.ResultsFlow cytometry showed that the majority of each ASC population isolated from the adipose tissue of 12 donors, with an n = 3 for each tissue type, were positive for MSC markers CD90, CD73, and CD105, and negative for hematopoietic markers CD34, CD11B, CD19, and CD45. Bioenergetic profiles were obtained for ASCs with an n = 4 for each tissue type and graphed together for comparison. Mitochondrial stress tests provided the following measurements: basal respiration rate (measured as oxygen consumption rate [pmol O2/min], ATP production, proton leak, maximal respiration, respiratory control ratio, coupling efficiency, and non-mitochondrial respiration. Glycolytic stress tests provided the following measurements: basal glycolysis rate (measured as extracellular acidification rate [mpH/min]), glycolytic capacity, glycolytic reserve, and non-glycolytic acidification.ConclusionsThe main goal of this manuscript was to provide baseline reference values for future experiments and to compare bioenergetic potentials of ASCs isolated from adipose tissue harvested from different anatomical locations. Through an investigation of mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis, it was demonstrated that bioenergetic profiles do not significantly differ by region due to depot-dependent and donor-dependent variability. Thus, although the physiological function, microenvironment and anatomical harvest site may directly affect the characteristics of ASCs isolated from different organ regions, the ultimate utility of ASCs remains independent of the anatomical harvest site.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40064-016-3712-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Highlights

Adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) isolated from the stromal vascular fraction are a source of mesenchymal stem cells that have been shown to be beneficial in many regenerative medicine applications
Ferng et al SpringerPlus (2016) 5:2057 et al 2011). Both adipose tissue and stromal vascular fraction (SVF) provide a source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that do not elicit an immunological response, if autologous ASCs are used during point-of-care applications (McIntosh et al 2009; Pikuła et al 2013)
Flow cytometry Following the gating of 10,000 viable cells as P1 (Fig. 1a), with an n = 3 for each anatomical adipose tissue location, doublet discrimination was performed to detect disproportions between cell size and cell signal in order to insure data collected was not skewed by cell aggregates

Summary

Introduction

Adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) isolated from the stromal vascular fraction are a source of mesenchymal stem cells that have been shown to be beneficial in many regenerative medicine applications. ASCs are an attractive source of stem cells in particular, due to their lack of immunogenicity. This study examines differences between mitochondrial bioenergetic profiles of ASCs isolated from adipose tissue of five peri-organ regions: pericardial, thymic, knee, shoulder, and abdomen. Adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) isolated from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) have long been. Ferng et al SpringerPlus (2016) 5:2057 et al 2011) Most importantly, both adipose tissue and SVF provide a source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that do not elicit an immunological response, if autologous ASCs are used during point-of-care applications (McIntosh et al 2009; Pikuła et al 2013). A major reason ASCs have shown great promise is that ASCs from the SVF have 50–74% of the matrix-forming ability of fibroblasts, which can be helpful in wound healing (Shin et al 2015)

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