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Abstract
Current clinical evidences suggest that circulating Adipokines such as Adiponectin can influence the ratio of orthodontic tooth movement. We aimed to investigate the effect that Adiponectin has on cementoblasts (OCCM-30) and on the intracellular signaling molecules of Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). We demonstrated that OCCM-30 cells express AdipoR1 and AdipoR2. Alizarin Red S staining revealed that Adiponectin increases mineralized nodule formation and quantitative AP activity in a dose-dependent manner. Adiponectin up-regulates the mRNA levels of AP, BSP, OCN, OPG, Runx-2 as well as F-Spondin. Adiponectin also increases the migration and proliferation of OCCM-30 cells. Moreover, Adiponectin induces a transient activation of JNK, P38, ERK1/2 and promotes the phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3. The activation of Adiponectin-mediated migration and proliferation was attenuated after pharmacological inhibition of P38, ERK1/2 and JNK in different degrees, whereas mineralization was facilitated by MAPK inhibition in varying degrees. Based on our results, Adiponectin favorably affect OCCM-30 cell migration, proliferation as well as cementogenesis. One of the underlying mechanisms is the activation of MAPK signaling pathway.
Highlights
The periodontium consists of the gingiva, periodontal ligament, root cementum and alveolar bone (Park et al, 2017)
We aimed to verify if OCCM-30 cementoblasts express Adiponectin receptors
Immunofluorescence staining show that AdipoR1 are mostly expressed in the cytoplasm, cytomembrane and nucleus, while AdipoR2 are expressed around the nucleus (Figure 1C)
Summary
The periodontium consists of the gingiva, periodontal ligament, root cementum and alveolar bone (Park et al, 2017). A heterogeneous mineralized layer covering the entire root dentin surface, anchors fibrous connective tissues on tooth-root surfaces (Caverzasio and Manen, 2007). As a special mineralized tissue, cementum has a similar composition to bone, consisting of approximately 61% mineralized as well as 27% organic matrix and 12% water (Nanci and Bosshardt, 2006). Cementoblasts are highly differentiated mesenchymal cells of the periodontal ligament (PDL) with the capacity to build up cementum (Arzate et al, 2015). The cementum matrix is composed of collagenous proteins and non-collagenous proteins such as Bone Sialoprotein (BSP), Osteopontin (OPN), Osteocalcin (OCN), Osteoprotegerin (OPG), Fibronectin, Osteonectin and several growth factors (Saygin et al, 2000)
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