Adiponectin Gene Polymorphisms as Potential Biomarker for Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Kumaon Region Population

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a worldwide health problem caused by resistance to insulin action. Polymorphism of adiponectin gene was found to be implicated in the pathogenesis of T2DM in numerous populations. Adiponectin is secreted by fat cells and is linked with insulin resistance. Methodology: The study included fifty patients with T2DM and fifty healthy individuals served as a control group to assess the association of adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ). The genotyping studies were performed by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. Results: Mean levels of various anthropometric and biochemical parameters were significantly higher in T2DM than healthy controls. The levels of circulatory adiponectin were found significantly lower in T2DM as compared to healthy controls and Serum leptin levels were moderately higher in the diabetic than those in the nondiabetic. There was no significant association of CC and CG genotypes with T2DM patients. C and G allele frequencies of the rs266729 were also not significantly associated with T2DM cases as compared to healthy controls. It was observed that significant impact on circulatory adiponectin levels for rs266729 polymorphism with GG genotype having very low circulatory adiponectin level. There was no significant association of CC, CG genotype and C, G allele frequencies of rs266729 in with T2DM cases as compared to healthy controls. Conclusion: The rs266729 > G SNP of adiponectin gene is a risk factor for the development of T2DM in Kumaon population. Keywords: Adiponectin, Diabetes, Disease, Health, Human