Adiabatic, shock, and plastic work heating of solids and exploding metal cylinders

Abstract

Solids subjected to high pressures, shocks, and/or deformation experience an increase in internal energy density and temperature due to adiabatic compression, shock heating, and plastic work heating, respectively. Analytic approximations are derived here for the internal energy and temperature changes that result from these processes based on the analytic constitutive model and Gruneisen equation of state of Steinberg. Although of general use, the utility of the expressions is demonstrated by the detailed example of a cylindrical metal tube filled with high explosives, and detonated on axis at one end. This geometry is often used to determine the detonation properties of high explosives, where it is known as the cylinder test. The geometry is also of special interest for use as the armature of cylindrical magnetic flux compression pulsed current generators. The results are favorably compared with two dimension numerical simulations of the process using Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's shock-hydro computer code CALE using the same model for the metal.