Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common tumor in women worldwide with high mortality rates. Surgical methods followed by radio–chemotherapy are used to treat these tumors. Such treatment can lead to various side effects, including neurological complications. The development of a reliable biomarker to predict the onset of CNS complications could improve clinical outcomes. In the current study, ICAM-1 and PECAM-1 serum levels were measured as potential biomarkers in 45 female patients in a long-term follow-up period after breast cancer treatment, and compared to 25 age-matched female healthy volunteers. Serum levels of both biomarkers, ICAM-1 and PECAM-1 were significantly higher in patients after breast cancer treatment and could be associated with cognitive dysfunction, depression, and vestibulocerebellar ataxia. In conclusion, our results provide a first hint that elevated serum levels of ICAM-1 and PECAM-1 could serve as early predictive biomarkers in breast cancer survivors that might help to improve the management of these patients.
Highlights
The analysis revealed a significant reliable increase in PECAM-1 and Intercellular adhesion molecule type 1 (ICAM-1) molecules in patients following breast cancer treatment with depression in comparison to patients without depression
Our study analyzed the levels of soluble adhesion molecules in patients >12 months after radical treatment of breast cancer as potential biomarkers for the prediction of central nervous system (CNS)
We assumed that endothelial dysfunction leading to tissue hypoxia plays a central role in all manifestations in patients after the radical treatment of breast cancer
Summary
According to the GLOBOCAN study, which estimates the prevalence of cancer in 185 countries around the world, breast cancer ranks first in malignant tumors in women. In 2018, 2.1 million women were diagnosed with breast cancer worldwide [1]. In Russia, the incidence of breast cancer constitutes 65.5 cases per 100,000 women [2] and surgical treatment of breast cancer is carried out in 95.9% of these patients. In 71%, surgery is combined with additional treatment modalities such as radio- and/or chemotherapy. The progressive development of a number of organic and functional complications after the (https://creativecommons.org/license s/by/4.0/)
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