Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common non-communicable diseases and among the leading causes of disability, morbidity and mortality globally. The study assessed adherence to treatment by type 2 DM patients aged 20 years and above at Monze Mission Hospital in Monze district, Zambia. Research questions: 1) What is the level of adherence to treatment by type 2 DM patients receiving care from Monze Mission Hospital? 2) What factors influence adherence to treatment by type 2 DM patients? Methods: The study was conducted in 2017. It was a cross-sectional design. Simple random sampling method was used to select respondents and data was collected using a structured interview schedule. Data was entered and analyzed using the modified self-reported Morisky Medication Adherence Scale with six scores, modified self-care management questionnaire and IBM© Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Chi-Square was used to test associations between variables and binary logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. The Morisky Medication Adherence scale was interpreted as follows: patients who scored between 4 - 6 points on knowledge had high knowledge while those who scored between 1 - 3 points had low knowledge about the disease. Results: The sample size of the study was 138 respondents. The study showed, only 44.2% of respondents had good adherence to treatment as they scored above 4 using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Majority of the patients (55.6%) had knowledge about treatment despite 65.2% of respondents reported distance and financial challenges as hindrances to adherence. The study revealed a statistical association between adherence and knowledge of type 2 DM treatment. Conclusion: The study showed that poor adherence to treatment reduced as knowledge about DM increased. There is need to consider educational programs to strengthen adherence to dietary advice, regular exercise and follow up, to achieve normal glycemic levels.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases and among the leading causes of disability, morbidity and mortality globally
This paper presents data collected from 138 type 2 DM patents aged between 20 and 60 from outpatient department and admitted patients to the medical ward at Monze Mission Hospital, Zambia
Binary Regression Model This study further showed a positive correlation between knowledge of type 2 DM and adherence to treatment
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases and among the leading causes of disability, morbidity and mortality globally. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder of carbohydrates, proteins and fats characterized by hyperglycemia, polydipsia, polyphagia, polyurea and weight loss due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both [1] It is a major public health problem worldwide, which requires continued medical care and ongoing patient self-management, education and support to prevent acute and to reduce the risk of long-term complications [2]. It is one of the most common non-communicable diseases and the fifth leading cause of disability, morbidity and mortality globally especially in developing and newly industrialized nations [3] [4]. Due to its progressive nature, most patients with type 2 diabetes eventually require insulin to achieve and maintain glycaemic control [5]
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