Abstract
In recent years, there has been an increase in the incidence of ADHD in children and adolescents. Many learning and behavioral problems are associated with this disorder due to difficulties in cognitive and metacognitive functions. Only when individuals improve these functions will they be able to integrate in the social environment. Skills such as self-awareness, self-regulation, and self-control can help children with ADHD develop their emotional intelligence to control their cognitive deficits and adapt to diverse areas. With the rapid development of science, several medical and behavioral methods have been proposed to treat ADHD, which have contributed significantly to the control of symptoms. However, medication is considered as a first-choice treatment to reduce the symptoms. The present study investigates the comorbidity of ADHD with other mental and developmental disorders as also the role and effectiveness of drug intervention in order to improve the quality of life of these children.
Highlights
According to Drigas & Driga (2019), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a complex neurological disorder, which still lacks scientific data concerning its nature and treatment methods
Most difficulties in executive functions and subsequently in cognitive and metacognitive skills result from damage in the prefrontal cortex, an imbalance between the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala, or a malfunction of the dopamine system
In order to control the symptoms of ADHD, a therapy based on the development of cognitive and metacognitive skills is required
Summary
According to Drigas & Driga (2019), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a complex neurological disorder, which still lacks scientific data concerning its nature and treatment methods. Some factors, such as the family's socioeconomic status, the existence of a psychiatric disorder in the mother, or smoking and alcohol consumption during pregnancy, have been proved to play an important role. The main symptoms of ADHD are lack of attention and impulsivity, resulting from a malfunction in areas of the brain that control executive functions. According to Drigas et al (2021), cognitive and metacognitive skills evolve progressively via an individual’s self-awareness of their strengths
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