Adequação do Meio Bucal Através de Tratamento Restaurador Atraumático Modificado em Pacientes Pediátricos Infectados Pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana Adquirida (SIDA)

Abstract

Purpose: To describe the procedures performed in children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) under treatment at the Immunology Outpatient Service of the University Hospital Gafree and Guinle (UNI-RIO) and to verify the effectiveness of the adequacy of the oral cavity comparing the levels of Streptococcus mutans (S mutans) and Lactobacillus. Method: The protocol consisted of procedures for adequacy of the oral cavity; oral hygiene instruction, improving the toothbrushing technique already used; diet counseling (for children and parents/ guardians); fluoride therapy in the teeth with active white spot lesions (application of fluoridated varnish); and modified atraumatic restorative treatment using glass ionomer cement (FUJI IX®). Results: The patients enrolled in this study were in different levels of immunosuppression, namely severe (50%), moderate (33%) or absent (17%), and all of them presented salivary flow <0.7 mL/min. Regarding S. mutans and Lactobacillus counting, 33% maintained the values recorded in the first evaluation of the number of colonies/ mL, due to the presence of root remnants that preserve the colonization sites of these microorganisms. It was observed that 67% of the children presented, at the second evaluation, a decrease in the number of colonies/mL. Conclusions: The procedures performed in this study were effective in decreasing the numbers of colonies/mL of S. mutans and Lactobacillus in the oral cavity of the children, improving their oral health