Adequacy of rootstock and planting spacing for cv. Sangiovese in high altitude region of Santa Catarina

Abstract

The choice of rootstock is fundamental for the productive success of the vineyard, as it influences the vigor characteristics of the canopy variety requires the adaptation of planting density. The objective of this work was to define a rootstock and spacing that best contribute to the productive characteristics of the Sangiovese cultivar in a high-altitude region of Santa Catarina. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, in a 5 × 3 factorial scheme, the treatments consisted of the combination of five rootstocks (101–14 Mgt, Harmony, IAC 572, Paulsen 1103, and VR 043–43) with the Sangiovese canopy cultivar and three plant spacings (1,0, 1,2 and 1,5 m). The phenological cycle of the plants, as well as the productive and quality characteristics of the grapes, were evaluated during the 2018/19, 2019/20 and 2020/21 harvests. The 101–14 Mgt rootstock presented the highest precocity of sprouting and the longest cycle until maturation. IAC 572 provided greater vigor to the canopy in all three evaluation harvests, resulting in decreased productivity. The highest total acidity was attributed to the VR 043–43 rootstock in all evaluated cycles. Based on the obtained data, it was concluded that the IAC 572, Paulsen 1103 and VR 043–43 rootstocks delay sprouting, the spacing of 1,0 and 1,2 m between plants increase vineyard productivity, the soluble solids content is higher when using the 101–14 Mgt, Harmony and Paulsen 1103 rootstocks, and the anthocyanin content is increased by 101–14 Mgt and Harmony rootstocks.